溫柔敦厚

Mild, Gentle, Sincere, and Broadminded

• 圖片來源：學習強國

指儒家經典《詩經》所具有的溫和寬厚的精神及教化作用。秦漢時期的儒學認為，《詩經》雖然有諷刺、勸諫的內容，但是重在疏導，不直言斥責，大多數詩篇情理中和，在潛移默化中使讀者受到感化、養成敦實忠厚的德性，從而達到以詩教化的目的。溫柔敦厚的詩教觀是儒家中庸之道的體現，以中正、平和為審美標準，這也成為對於文藝創作風格的要求，體現為以含蓄為美、以教化為重。

This term refers to the mild and broadminded manner with which the Confucian classic, "The Book of Songs," edifies people. Confucian scholars during the Qin and Han dynasties believed that although some poems of "The Book of Songs" were satirical and remonstrative in tone, it still focused on persuading people instead of just reproving them. Most of the poems in the book were moderate in tone and meant to encourage the reader to learn to be moderate and honest. Encouraging people to be mild and gentle, sincere and broadminded is a manifestation of Confucian doctrine of the mean, and being fair and gentle is an aesthetic value, which is also a standard for literary and artistic style that stresses the need for being gentle in persuasion and for edification.

引例 Citations：

◎入其國，其教可知也。其為人也，溫柔敦厚，《詩》教也。（《禮記•經解》）

進入一個國家，能看出國民的教養。民眾的為人如果溫柔敦厚，那就是《詩經》的教化之功。

When you enter a state, you can find out whether its people are proper in behavior. If they show themselves to be mild and gentle, sincere and broadminded, they must have learned it from "The Book of Songs." (The Book of Rites)

◎溫柔敦厚，《詩》教之本也。有溫柔敦厚之性情，乃有溫柔敦厚之詩。（朱庭珍《筱園詩話》）溫柔敦厚，是《詩經》教化的根本。只有具備溫柔敦厚的性情，才能寫出溫柔敦厚的詩歌。

Teaching people to be mild and gentle, sincere and broadminded is the basic purpose of "The Book of Songs." One can write poetry with such characteristics only if one is endowed with such good qualities. (Zhu Tingzhen: Xiaoyuan's Comments on Poetry)

（推薦：教育部 國家語委 供稿：北京外國語大學 外語教學與研究出版社）