虛壹而靜

Open-mindedness, Concentration, and Tranquility

• 圖片來源：學習強國

荀子所提出的一種用以把握日用倫常之道的心靈狀態。荀子認為，需要通過心的作用才能知“道”。但人心時常處於被遮蔽的狀態，只有進入“虛壹而靜”的狀態才能發揮應有的作用。“虛”是不使已收藏在心中的知識妨礙將要接受的東西。“壹”是使同時兼得的知識類目分明，彼此無礙。“靜”是不以虛妄而混亂的知識妨礙正常的心靈活動。

This refers to a state of mind Xunzi proposed as a way to master the Dao of general morality. He believed that one gets to know Dao through the action of one's heart and mind. But since the human heart and mind are often closed, they can only function normally when one is open-minded, concentrated, and consequently tranquil. Xu (虛), or open-mindedness, prevents prior knowledge from hindering the acquisition of new knowledge. Yi (壹), or concentration, allows one to assimilate knowledge of different categories while keeping them from interfering with each other. Jing (靜), or tranquillity, is to keep the false and confusing knowledge from obstructing one's normal process of contemplation.

引例 Citation：

◎人何以知道？曰：心。心何以知？曰：虛壹而靜。（《荀子•解蔽》）

人如何能夠知曉道？回答：用心。心如何能夠知曉？回答：做到“虛壹而靜”。

How can people learn to know Dao? The answer is to use one's heart and mind. How can the heart and mind know? The answer is to achieve open-mindedness, concentration, and tranquillity. (Xunzi)

（推薦：教育部 國家語委 供稿：北京外國語大學 外語教學與研究出版社）