撰文：鄒世輝 所屬專欄：研之成理寫作實驗室
1. 列舉
A. The study of phase transitions involving solute intercalation in nanomaterials is essential for a wide range of applications,such as hydrogen storage, battery charging , memory switching and nanoparticle synthesis. （Ref.:Nature Mater., 2014, 13(12): 1143）
B. Different qdot solubilization strategies have been devised over the past few years, including (i) ligand exchange with simple thiol-containing molecules or more sophisticated ones such as oligomeric phosphines , dendrons , and peptides; (ii) encapsulation by a layer of amphiphilic diblock or triblock copoymers or in silica shells; and (iii) combinations of layers of different molecules conferring the required colloidal stability to qdots. （Ref.:Science2005:307, 538-544）
C. Possible to envision, but yet to be demonstrated, for example/instance, are: (a) useful multi-catalyst architectures that are very difficult to access otherwise, (b) metal coordination environments, and therefore reactivity, that can be achieved in no other way, and (c) reactivity-defining microenvironments that can be achieved in few other ways.(Ref.: Chem. Soc. Rev., 2009, 38, 1450-1459 )
注： such as和include一般引入的都是不完全列表，所列出的項目僅僅是幾個例子而已（一般列舉最有代表性的三個），在列表結束時不需要加etc，and so on，或者and others等字樣。
D. Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots are single crystals a few nanometers in diameter whose size and shape can be precisely controlled by the duration, temperature, and ligand molecules used in the synthesis（Science2005:307, 538-544）。
注：列舉不一定需要such as, including之類的引導詞
E. To be considered for further development, lead structures should display the following properties: (1) simple chemical features, amenable for chemistry optimization; (2) membership to an established SAR series; (3) favorable patent situation; and (4) good absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties.(J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci., 2001, 41 (5), 1308–1315).
F. .Discussedare examples of: (a) opportunistic catalysis with metal nodes, (b) designed catalysis with framework nodes, (c) catalysis by homogeneous catalysts incorporated as framework struts, (d) catalysis by MOF-encapsulated molecular species, (e) catalysis by metal-free organic struts or cavity modifiers, and (f) catalysis by MOF-encapsulated clusters (Ref.: Chem. Soc. Rev., 2009, 38, 1450-1459 )
G. The fields of catalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis and photoelectricity are all examples of where nanotechnology is impacting on current science.(Chem. Soc. Rev., 2011, 40, 4167-4185)
H. Heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis has been subdivided into three major categories: 1) application of immobilized homogeneous catalysts , 2) catalysis on surfaces that are chiral themselves or modified with chiral modifiers, and 3) diastereoselective reactions of chiral substrates promoted by achiral catalysts.（Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2006, 45: 4732–4762）
注：先給出列表中項目的數量，然後給出列表。需要注意：前面的數字和後面列出的項目數一定要一致。
I. The diffusion barrier limits the mass transportation to and from the active sites,which is quite important for the applications likegas sensing, catalysis, ion-exchange separation, and so forth. (Adv.Funct. Mater. 2007,17, 2766–2771)
2. 重點在於
A. The key to providing an efficient transformation of energy to a chemical form or from one chemical form into another is the availability of suitable catalysts.（PNAS, 2011, 108, 937）
B. The development of sustainable energy solutions represents one of the most important scientific and technical challenges of our time, and heterogeneous catalysis is at the heart of the problem.（PNAS, 2011, 108, 937）
C. An important question with regard to charge separation is the role of “excess energy” that the hot CTn state inherited from the exciton. (Science2012:335, 1340-1344)
D. The key point of the present research is to transcribe the chirality in organogel fibers into the silica utilizing electrostatic interactions.(J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2000, 122 (20), 5008–5009)
E. Particular emphasis is placed on developing concepts that can be used to understand and predict variations in reactivity from one transition metal to the next or the effects of alloying, surface structure, and adsorbate-adsorbate interactions on the reactivity. (Advances in catalysis, 2000, 45: 71-129.)
F. The specific focus is the use of atom transfer radical polymerization to synthesize gradient copolymers with various composition profiles. (J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2000; 13: 775–786)
相關推薦
