背誦這個學習方法相信考生們從接觸英語以來就在使用，的確，小到單詞詞組，大到篇章語法，我們的學習都要靠記憶、背誦來進行，可以說背誦是學習英語的一大法寶，考研英語當然也不例外。下面就和各位考生談一下背誦的重要性並列出具有代表性的篇目，希望考生仔細研讀、細心背誦。（集錦（一）和集錦（二）已經在此頭條號發過了，歡迎前去主頁查看。）
2004年Text 4 美國學校應該成為美國反智主義的抗衡力。
推薦理由: 有一定難度，高頻詞彙較多，文章結構有特點，話題有代表性。
Americans today don’t place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education —— not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.
當今的美國人並不特別重視對才智的學習。我們的英雄是運動員，演員，企業家，而不是學者。學校也只不過是我們把孩子送去獲得實用教育 —— 而不是為了知識而去求知的地方。反才智主義現象在我們的校園裡隨處可見。
注：本文上下文的intellect一詞表示才智，不能翻譯為知識，因為英文解釋為：power of the mind to reason and acquire knowledge.
“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch’s latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.
“學校一直處於一個重實際而輕才智的社會中，”教育作家Diane Ravish說， “學校本來可以成為一個平衡力量。“Ravish最新出版的一本書《學校改革一個世紀的失敗》追溯了學校裡反才智主義的根源，得出結論是，學校根本沒有抵制美國人厭惡才智追求的不良風氣。
注：Counterbalance在這裡是名詞，但翻譯為動詞更好理解，而且這個詞翻譯為“抵制”比“平衡”更好，比如His level-headedness counter-balances her impetuousness. 他頭腦冷靜, 這可抵銷一些她的急躁情緒。
But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.”
但是，學校能夠而且應該做到這一點。鼓勵孩子摒棄思維生活會使他們容易受到別人的利用和控制。如果沒有能力進行批判性思考、捍衛自己的觀點、以及理解他人的觀點，他們就不能充分地參與到我們的民主政治中來。這樣發展下去，作家Earl Shorris認為，“我們會變成一個二流的國家。社會文明度將降低。”
“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.
“才智被人們看作一種權力或特權而受到憎惡，”歷史學家Richard Hofstadter教授在他的《美國社會中的反才智主義》一書中寫道。這本書獲得了普利策獎，是關於美國政治、宗教和教育中的反才智主義的根源。Hofstadter說：自我們的歷史之初，我們對民主和民權的渴望就驅使我們擯棄一切和精英主義沾邊的東西。實用性、基本常識、天分一直都被認為是比從書本中學來的任何東西都高尚的資質。
Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.” Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized —— going to school and learning to read —— so he can preserve his innate goodness.
Ralph Waldo Emerson和其他一些超自然主義哲學家認為學校教育和高強度的書本學習會使孩子受到不自然的限制，“我們被關在學校和大學的背誦室裡，一關就是10到15年，最後裝了一肚子的文字卻什麼都不知道。”馬克吐溫的作品《Huckleberry Finn》這樣描述美國的反才智主義。這本書的主人公拒絕接受文明教化——即上學認字——從而保留了自己的善良天性。
Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines.
在Hofstadter看來，才智和那種我們不太願意欣賞的天分是不同的。才智是我們精神世界中批判、創造和思考的一面。天分尋求的是理解、應用、重整並調整，而才智是研究、思考、提問、形成理論、批判和想象。
School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”
目前學校裡才智仍遭到懷疑。Hofstadter說我們國家的教育體系掌握在這樣一些人手中，他們“得意洋洋地大膽宣稱他們敵視才智，而熱衷認可那些在才智上最沒有前途的學生。”
今天這篇（三）就先到這裡了，歡迎到主頁查看之前發的（一）和（二），小編我也會陸續的推出接下來的必背集錦續集，歡迎關注。另外此頭條號主頁也有一些關於考研英語，考研政治等其他的乾貨分享，歡迎點贊，歡迎關注。
大家考研加油！