Why is China so obsessed with AI (artificial intelligence) that it’s trying to surpass the US in AI technology? Although, China has an advantage due to its abundant cheap labor and human workforce.
中國有大量的廉價勞動力優勢，為什麼還如此痴迷於AI試圖超越美國?
外國網友評論翻譯：
Hongda Jiang
Answered 7h ago
Multiple answers (including that of Mr. Denlinger) have already addressed the strategic importance of AI, seems like the erroneous assumptions about “abundant cheap labor” has not been thoroughly addressed so far.
Reliance on cheap labor is precisely what the PRC must avoid to advance its next stage of development, for a few reasons.
Others have cheaper labor. Plenty of other countries ALREADY have cheaper labor costs than the PRC - Indonesia, India, Vietnam, just to name a few. The PRC’s current advantage is NOT just cheap labor, but a combination of flexibility, scale, excellent infrastructure, & a vast local market that keeps TOTAL costs of production down.
China’s workforce is shrinking. China’s population growth phase has pretty much ended. China’s population will start to shrink within 10 years, and it’s total workforce is already shrinking due to aging.
China must move up the value chain. EVEN IF the PRC still had “abundant cheap labor”, that advantage would shrink continuously as automation becomes cheaper. Therefore, in order to continue growing & maintaining competitiveness, the PRC would need to upgrade its industries in any case.
很多答案都說明了AI的戰略重要性，但是“大量的廉價勞動力”這個錯誤的假設還沒有得到解答。
要想進一步發展，中國就必須避免依賴廉價勞動力，原因如下。
其他國家擁有更加廉價的勞動力。好多其他國家的勞動力成本已經比中國低，比如印尼，印度，越南等等。中國目前的優勢不是廉價勞動力，而是彈性，規模，極好的基建以及巨大的本土市場，所以總的生產成本保持在低位。
中國勞動力在減少。中國的人口增長階段基本已經結束。十年內中國人口將開始下降，而由於老齡化總的勞動力數量已經下降。
中國必須往價值鏈上端攀爬。即使中國依然擁有大量的廉價勞動力，隨著自動化變得廉價，這個優勢也會持續減小。因此，為了繼續增長和保持競爭力，中國必須升級自己的產業。
Paul Denlinger, Worked with several startups; sometime product man agement guy, manager
Answered 12h ago. Upvoted by Jason L, AI researcher.
Because everything about Al plays to China s strengths and advantages：
AI neural networks require huge amounts of data the more the better. China has about 900 million mobile phone users who are creating huge amoun ts of data on a daily basis. As AI develops and is pushed out to other sectors, the data becomes more valuable than the technology. Since China has four times the population of the US, China has a huge inn ate advan tage which the US cannot match;
AI requires a large number of data scien tsts to create algorithms, China can supply those.
AI will cause large social disruptions and unemployment as it is applied in di fferent fields, it is better to get ahead of these chang es so that the sodety can be educated and prepared for them;
Al gravita tes towards a winner-takes-all business model, which will add to the ab ove-mentioned disruption The government and party need to prep are for this.
The nation and society which commands Al will become the next superpower. The president of Russia, Vladmir Putin,said so.
因為AI可以加強中國的實力和優勢：
AI 神經網絡要求大量的數據；越多越好。中國有9億手機用戶，毎天產生了大量的數據。隨著AI發展並推向其他部門，數據就會比技術更加有價值。因為中國人口是美國四倍，所以中國有固有的優勢，這是美國無法媲美的。
AI要大量的數據科學家創造算法，而中國可以提供。
隨著在不同領域的應用，AI引發巨大的社會破壞和失業；最好趕在這些變化之前，這樣社會オ可以接受教育並做好準備；AI傾向於贏家通吃的商業模式，這將加劇上訴的破壞。政府和黨需要為此做好準備。
掌握AI的國家和社會將成為下ー個超級強國。俄羅斯總統普京這麼說的。
Luc De Mestre, PhD Computer Science, Université De Caen Basse-Normandie (2006)
Answered Mar 12
Everybody know that AI is the next big thing. Because AI unlock the automation of millions of jobs.
Up to 375 million jobs may be automated by 2030. 375 million jobs may be automated by 2030, study suggests
More than 500 millions of jobs worldwide will be automatized in the next 20 or 30 years.
大家都知道AI是下一顆重磅炸彈。因為AI將讓工作變成自動化。
到2030年，或許會有3.75億個就業崗位變成自動化。未來20到30年將有超過5億個工作自動化。
Konstantinos Konstantinides, EE, Ph.D.
Answered Mar 12
The question shows a misunderstanding of what AI is about. It is not about creating human robots to replace humans. AI is a whole family of tools to improve the process of making decisions. For example, IBM’s “Watson” is being used to scan medical literature and then help doctors decide on the best treatment for cancer patients. AI can help us make better and more efficient processors, better cars, more energy-efficient homes, etc. That’s why it is important to all countries, regardless of the availability of cheap work force. By the way, that work force is getting more expensive every day.
這個問題表明了對AI的誤解。它不是關乎創造人類機器人去替代人類。AI是一整個工具包以提高決策過程。比如，IBM的 watson被用來掃描醫學文獻，幫助醫生決定最好的癌症治療方案。AI可以幫助我們製造更好更高效的處理器，更好的車，更加能源高效的房屋等等。所以對每個國家都很重要，而不論你是不是有廉價勞動力。順便說一下，勞動力成本越來越高了。
Anonymous
Answered Mar 20
That is a wrong way of thinking.
In some industries, Al is already so good such that Al is already cheap er than cheap human laborers Who can say that we won t see the same in other industries?
Moreover, even in some industries where China s cheap human laborers are still more competitive than AI,who can say that the cost of human laborers in Chin a will remain cheap If the cost of workers in China rose but China had no Al capability at that time, then Chinese economy would be adversely affected.
Last but not least, It s not always a binary decision between human and Al . In many cases, the best result is obtained by combining them. Therefore, Al capability is always b eneficial in this case.
你這麼想就錯了。在某些行業，AI的表現很好，以至於成本比廉價勞動力還低。那麼其他行業是不是也可能這樣呢。
此外，雖然中國某些行業的勞動力成本比Al 低，但是中國的勞動力成本會一直這麼低嗎？如果中國勞動力成本上升而那時中國沒有自己的Al 技術，那麼中國經濟肯定受到消極影響。
最後，這並不總是人類和A之間的二元決定。很多情況下，結合二者才能得到最好的結果。因此，發展AI總是有好處的。
Joseph Wang, studied at Ph.D Astronomy UT Austin, Physics MIT
Answered Mon
Because the Chinese government has looked a few years in the future. Chinese labour is no longer cheap, and it’s about to disappear.
The Chinese population is about to get very old, very quickly. China’s economy in the past was helped by lots of young people ready to get factory jobs. But because of the one child policy, that source of labour is fast disappearing.
So in order to make sure that the Chinese economy keeps running once everyone gets old, the government is encouraging a lot of development of AI and robots as well as moving the factories to Africa and Southeast Asia.
因為中國政府看到了未來。中國勞動力不再廉價，而且即將消失。
中國人口將變得老齡化。中國以前的經濟發展是因為年輕人去工廠裡上班。但是因為一胎政策，勞動力來源在快速消失。
所以為了確保中國經濟繼續運行，政府必須鼓勵AI和機器人的發展，並且將工廠搬到非洲和東南亞。
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