2017高考英語考前2周衝刺：完形填空篇之記敘文

2017高考英語考前2周衝刺 :完形填空篇之記敘文

【考綱解讀】

【高考預測】

綜觀近幾年全國高考試題，預測2017年高考試題還會：

1. 文章基本控制在250個詞左右，且趨於穩定。

2. 文體以記敘文和夾敘夾議文為主，話題多樣，但均貼近生活。

3. 文章結構大致相同，都是以＂總—分＂或＂總—分—總＂結構為主。首段是主旨段，提出話題，之後的幾個段落展開說明或深入議論。每個段落內部也同樣基本採取＂總—分＂或＂總—分—總＂結構，段落開頭點明該段的大意，然後再展開詳細闡述，必要時再做簡單總結。

【應試技巧】

圖示完形填空解題步驟

完形填空題要求考生具備的能力之一就是＂正確的閱讀理解能力＂，同時，還要儲備紮實的語法、詞彙和文化知識等，是一種全面考查考生語言運用能力的題型。答題時考生可以從如下幾個方面入手：

一、樹立整體意識，解決局部問題

每篇完形填空都圍繞一個主題展開，語篇完整，結構嚴謹，前後照應，所以在解決局部問題時，考生要樹立牢固的整體意識，遵循＂整體—局部—整體＂原則，不要把注意力孤立地侷限在句子層面上，而要從段落或整篇文章入手，整體把握文章的內容，結合上下文尋找答案線索。

二、藉助邏輯連詞，推敲前後文意

英文中的邏輯連詞是連接語篇的紐帶，也是相關語句信息的結合點。命題人常在這些＂關節＂上設置題目，考查學生的邏輯思維和語言應用能力。常用的邏輯連詞主要有：(1)詞（包括連詞、副詞和少數介詞），如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等；(2)短語，如in other words, more than, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等；(3)分句和獨立結構，如that is to say, what’s more, all things considered等。邏輯連詞對準確理解語篇意義能夠起到很強的提示作用。考生在解題時要充分利用這些邏輯連詞，找到與文中某些詞、短語有密切關係的選項，如其同義詞、近義詞或反義詞等，有時這些詞、短語會在文中復現。

三、通達文章語境，明辨詞語差異

高考完形填空的選項一般屬於同一詞類，有的甚至在意義上也非常接近。為了順利解答此類題，考生在平時記憶單詞時，要在例句中把握其用法，並能在考試中結合具體語境，比較四個選項的細微差別，推敲出最佳答案。

四、活用知識積累，甄別習慣搭配

詞彙的習慣用法或固定搭配，特別是動詞、名詞、形容詞、介詞等的搭配在完形填空題中出現的比例很大。如果考生在備考時能牢固地掌握習慣用法或固定搭配，並在解題時靈活運用，就能達到事半功倍的效果。

五、聯繫生活常識，再現相關情景

完形填空題所選的文章多是具有一定故事情節和教育意義的記敘文或夾敘夾議文或富有哲理的論說文，材料都非常貼近學生的生活。考生在解題時，可以根據生活常識或常識想象當時的情景，從而作出正確的判斷。

六、瞭解文化背景，克服母語干擾

完形填空中常交織、滲透著各類文化背景知識。有些選項的設置與文化背景有關，這就要求考生有較寬的知識面，同時具備一定的文化意識，特別要有對英語國家文化的敏感性和鑑別力，這樣才能既快又準地解題。

完形填空解題口訣

文章首句要重視，全篇理解有啟示。記敘體裁為主體，通讀全文明旨意。

四個選項巧設計，頭腦清醒要分清。填空多是實義詞，詞類範疇必同一。

確定最佳靠邏輯，字裡行間找信息。十六字訣常品味，突出語境加語法。

相近詞義細辨析，原詞再現多正確。復讀反思再核實，時間分秒必珍惜！

【真題迴歸】

典例

(2016·北京) A Race Against Death

It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.

On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 1a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(傳染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 2if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 3, the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.

How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 4was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 5roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.

6January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 7. Nome’s town officials came up with a(n)8. They would have the medicine sent by 9from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers — known as ＂mushers＂ — would 10it to Nome in a relay(接力).

The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 11he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.

On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 12a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 13part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 14, and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.

A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his15. He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕跡) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 16the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 17to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 18. He had found the trail.

At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs 19in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.

Nome had been 20.

1. A. examined B. warned C. interviewed D. cured

2. A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless

3. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However

4. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border

5. A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty

6. A. From B. On C. By D. After

7. A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick

8. A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic

9. A. air B. rail C. sea D. road

10. A. carry B. return C. mail D. give

11. A. Though B. Since C. When D. If

12. A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross

13. A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish

14. A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die

15. A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination

16. A. find B. fix C. pass D. change

17. A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning

18. A. run B. leave C. bite D. play

19. A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived

20. A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developed

●參考答案●

【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。Nome小鎮裡的孩子們感染了白喉病。為了挽救孩子們,一些勇士們展開了雪橇接力賽,冒著危險,日夜兼程地把藥品安全運到小鎮上,孩子們最終得救了。

1. A A.examined檢查；B.warned警告；C.interviewed 採訪，面試；D.cured治癒。醫生檢查了一個生病的 孩子，知道他患上了白喉，故選A。

2. B A.harmless無害的；B.helpless無望的；C. fearless不怕的；D.careless粗心的。如果白喉肆虐諾姆，那裡的孩子們都將毫無希望，故選B。

3. D A.Moreover而且；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否則；D.However然而。然而，最近的藥 品供應站距離諾姆一千多公里，前後是轉折關係，故選D。

4. C A.airport機場； B.station車站；C. harbor 港口；D.border邊境。根據＂so it couldn’t come by ship＂可知，這裡指港口結冰，故選C。

5. B A.narrow狹窄的；B. snowy被雪覆蓋的；C.busy繁忙的；D.dirty髒的。根據第一段可知，大雪覆蓋了道路，汽車和馬都不能通行，故選B。

6. C A. From從，自；B. On在……上面；C. By通過，在……之前；D. After在……之後。＂by+ 時間＂與完成時連用，後跟過去的時間，用過去完成時；跟將來的時間，用將來完成時，故選C。

7. D A. tired勞累的；B. upset難過的；C. pale蒼白的；D. sick生病的。4個孩子相繼去世，還有 20幾個孩子患病，故選D。

8. A A. plan計劃；B. excuse藉口；C. message信息；D. topic話題。當地的官員想到了一個計劃，故選A。

9. B A. air空氣；B. rail欄杆，鐵軌；C. sea海洋；D. road道路。根據下一段中的＂from the train at Nenana＂可知，藥物被用火車運到Nenana，故選B。

10. A A. carry運送，攜帶；B. return返回，歸還；C. mail郵寄；D. give給。然後再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把藥物接力送到諾姆，故選A。

11. C A. Though雖然；B. Since因為，自從；C. When當；D. If如果。當他把藥物交給下一個人時，他的臉已經被凍得烏青，故選C。

12. D A. enter進入；B. move移動；C. visit拜訪；D. cross穿過。根據＂Norton Sound was covered with ice＂可知，Norton Sound是一片冰凍的水域，Seppala必須穿過這片水域，故選D。

13. C A. shameful慚愧的；B. boring令人厭煩的；C. dangerous危險的；D. foolish愚蠢的。根據＂ which could sometimes break up without warning＂可知，這是旅途中最難的一部分，故選C。

14. D A. escape逃跑；B. bleed流血；C. swim游泳；D. die死亡。如果掉進寒冷的水中，Seppala 會被凍死，諾姆的病童們也會死，故選D。

15. C A. memory記憶；B. exit出口；C. way道路；D. destination目的地。根據下一句可知，有的地方被大雪擋住了去路，Seppala不得不繞道行駛，故選C。

16. A A. find找到；B. fix固定，安裝；C. pass通過；D. change改變。當時的天氣狀況極差，Seppala 找到雪橇軌道是不可能的，只能靠他的狗，故選A。

17. B A. pretending假裝；B. trying努力；C. asking問，要求；D. learning學會。Seppala的狗努力嗅著其它狗的氣味，故選B。

18. A A. run跑；B. leave離開；C. bite咬；D. play玩耍。Seppala的狗找到了軌道，開始奔跑起來，故選A。

19. D A. gathered聚集；B. stayed保持；C. camped露營；D. arrived到達。arrive in sp到達某地，這裡指終於到達諾姆，故選D。

20. B A. controlled控制；B. saved拯救；C. founded建立；D. developed發展。所有的孩子都得到了救治，諾姆活了下來，故選B。

【名校預測】

(2017屆哈爾濱師範大學附屬中學高三第二次月考)

At age 14, 15 and 16, the way we looked was the most important thing in the world to us. My friends and I wanted nothing less than perfection.

In high school, we

joined the gymnastics team, and our 1 became even more important to us. We had no fat, only muscle. On the weekends, we would go to the beach, 2 of our flat stomachs.

One summer day, all my friends were at my house 3 . At one point, I was running back to the pool. I 4 on a bee, and while it was dying under my foot, it stung (蟄) me. I instantly started to feel 5 . That night, I began to run a high fever and my leg and foot were red, hot and swollen. I couldn’t walk. I could barely 6 .

When my foot started to go numb, everyone became more 7 . My foot was not getting enough blood. I had to go to the hospital, and my leg 8 as if it were badly broken. I couldn’t move. All I could do was think about how soft my middle was becoming. That 9 me more than any concern over my leg.

That would all 10 when I heard the doctors mention possibly cutting off my foot. It was still not getting the 11 supply it needed. The doctors would have to speed up their treatment.

Never before did I have such great 12 for my foot. And walking seemed like a 13 from the gods. Less and less I wanted to hear my friends talk about 14 and who was wearing what. More and more I expected visits from other kids in the hospital, who were quickly becoming my friends.

One girl came to visit me 15 . Every time she came, she brought flowers. She was recovering from cancer and felt she should come back and 16 the other patients.

She still had no hair, and she was swollen from the medications she had been taking. I would not have given this girl a second 17 before. I now loved every inch of her and looked forward to her 18 .

Finally, I was improving and soon I went home. My leg was still swollen, 19 I was walking, and I had my foot! When I would go back to the hospital, I often saw my friend. She was still visiting people and 20 good cheer. I thought if there was an angel on this earth, it had to be her.

1. A. grades B. brains C. bodies D. clothes

2. A. ashamed B. proud C. sure D. tired

3. A. dancing B. chatting C. jogging D. swimming

4. A. stepped B. focused C. held D. took

5. A. upset B. fearful C. sick D. anxious

6. A. jump B. run C. stand D. rest

7. A. concerned B. relieved C. surprised D. interested

8. A. harmed B. hurt C. wounded D. injured

9. A. blamed B. impressed C. shocked D. troubled

10. A. change B. bother C. help D. happen

11. A. nutrition B. blood C. time D. air

12. A. observation B. devotion C. appreciation D. evaluation

13. A. gift B. hand C. promise D. treat

14. A. homework B. appointment C. movies D. gymnastics

15. A. suddenly B. regularly C. eventually D. recently

16. A. advise B. encourage C. serve D. instruct

17. A. choice B. thought C. glance D. chance

18. A. words B. ideas C. flowers D. visits

19. A. but B. then C. so D. for

20. A. enjoying B. gaining C. discovering D. spreading

●參考答案●

【文章大意】本文講述了一個女孩曾經是一個極度關注自己體型的愛美的女孩，並自豪於自己的扁平的肚子。一次偶然的事故中，她被蜜蜂蜇傷，併為此差點失去了一隻腳。困境中她的觀點轉變了，覺得＂有腳真好＂！因為經歷了這次磨難，她對一個之前不願多看一眼的患癌症的女孩的看法也轉變為＂愛她的全部＂，因為那個女孩正給醫院的病人傳播著快樂。

1．C 根據第一段的意思＂在14、15、16歲時，在這個世上我們看上去的樣子對我們來說是最重要的事情。我和我的朋友只追求完美。＂再根據下句＂我們沒有脂肪，只有肌肉。＂可知此句的意思該是＂在高中，我們加入了體操隊，我們的身體（body）對我們來說變得更重要。＂所以C項符合語境之意。故選C。

2．B 根據本句的意思＂在每個週末，我們總會去海灘，為我們平坦的肚子而感到驕傲（be proud of 為……而感到驕傲/自豪）。＂所以B項符合語境之意。故選B。

3．D 根據空後的暗示詞＂pool＂可知此句的意思該是＂在夏季的某一天，我所有的朋友都在我家的游泳池旁。在某一時刻，我正要跑回到池子裡。＂所以D項符合語境之意。故選D。

4．A 根據本句後面的＂under my foot＂可知此句的意思是＂我踩上（step on踩，踏上）了一隻蜜蜂，並且它在我腳下要死的時候蟄了我。＂所以A項符合語境之意。故選A。

5．C 根據空後面的句子的意思可知本句該譯成＂我立刻就開始覺得不舒服（sick不舒服的，噁心的）。＂所以C項符合語境之意。故選C。

6．C 根據空前的句子＂I couldn’t walk＂可知此句該譯成＂我幾乎不能站起來（stand）。＂所以C項符合語境之意。故選C。

7．A 根據下文的暗示詞＂concern＂和本句的語境可知本句該譯成＂當我的腳開始變得麻木時，每個人都變得更加關心（concerned關心的，擔心的）。＂所以A項符合語境之意。故選A。

8．B 根據語境可知此兩句該譯成＂我的腳正不能得到足夠的血。我不得不去醫院，而且我的腿感到很疼痛（hurt疼痛，感到疼痛），好像是壞得很厲害。＂ harm 傷害，損害；wound 受傷，傷害； injure 損害，毀壞，傷害。所以B項符合語境之意。故選B。

9．D 根據上文所說的＂她的腿很疼，好像是壞的很厲害，並且還不能動。＂可知此句的意思該是＂那給我帶來的煩惱（trouble 使煩惱）勝過對我的腿的任何關心。＂所以D項符合語境之意。故選D。

10．A 根據本句的意思＂那將會全變了（change改變）當我聽到醫生提起有可能截掉我的腳時。＂可知A 項符合語境之意。故選A。

11．B 根據上文的句子＂My foot was not getting enough blood.＂的暗示可知此句的意思該是＂它現在仍然不能得到它所需要的血（blood）的供應。醫生將不得不加速他們的治療。＂所以B項符合語境之意。故選B。

12．C 根據上下文的語境的意思可知本句該譯成＂我以前從來也沒有這麼大加讚賞（appreciation感激，賞識）過我的腳。＂所以C項符合語境之意。故選C。

13．A 根據本句的語境和排除法可知本句的意思該是＂走路好像是上帝所賜的禮物（gift）。＂所以 A項符合語境之意。故選A。

14．D 根據上文第一、二段的意思可知此處該譯成＂我越來越不想聽到我的朋友談論體操（gymnastics）了，也不想聽到誰正在穿著什麼。我越來越期望醫院裡的其他的孩子的來訪，這些孩子很快就要變成我的朋友。＂所以D項符合語境之意。故選D。

15．B 根據下句的暗示詞＂every time＂可知本句的意思該是＂有一個女孩定期（regularly 定期地，有規律地）來探望我。她每次來時，她都帶來鮮花。＂所以B項符合語境之意。故選B。

16．B 根據本句的語境可知本句的意思該是＂她正從癌症中恢復過來，並且她覺得她應該回來並鼓勵（encourage）其他的病人。＂所以B項符合語境之意。故選B。

17．C 根據後面句子＂I now loved every inch of her＂的暗示可知此處該譯成＂她仍然沒有頭髮，而且她被她一直吃的藥物弄得腫腫的。之前我連一秒鐘都沒有瞥（glance一瞥，掃視）過她，現在我愛她的每一英寸（即全部）。＂所以C項符合語境之意。故選C。

18．D 根據上文的語境可知本句該譯成＂現在我愛她的每一英寸（即全部）並且盼望她的探望（visit）。＂所以D項符合語境之意。故選D。

19．A 根據語境可知此處該譯成＂最後，我正在好轉，並且很快就要回家了。我的腿仍然腫著，但是（but）我在行走，而且我有腳！＂可知A項符合語境之意。故選A。

20．D 根據上文語境可知此處可譯成＂當我回到醫院時，我經常看到我的朋友。她仍然在探望人們並且正傳播（spread使傳播）著快樂。我認為如果在這世上有個天使的話，這個天使就得是她了。＂所以D項符合語境之意。故選D。

【終極預測】

Dear God,

I am dying to share my thoughts and feelings with you. Now that I am no longer young, I have friends whose 1 have passed away. I have heard these sons and daughters say they never fully appreciated their mothers until it was 2 late to tell them.

I am 3 with the dear mother who is 4 alive. I appreciate her more each day. My mother does not change, 5 I do. As I grow older and 6 , I realize what an extraordinary person she is. How sad that I am unable to speak these words in her 7 , but they 8 easily from pen.

How does a daughter begin to 9 her mother for life itself? For the love, patience and just plain hard work that go into 10 a child? For running after a toddler, for understanding a moody 11 , for tolerating a college student who seems to know 12 ? For waiting for the day when a daughter 13 who her mother really is?

How does a(n) 14 woman thank a mother for continuing to be a mother? For being ready with 15 when asked or remaining silent when it is most 16 ? For not saying ＂I told you so＂when she could have said these words 17 of times? For being essentially herself — loving, thoughtful, patient, and forgiving?

I don’t know how, dear God, except to bless her as richly as she 18 and to help me live up to the 19 she has set. I pray that I will look as 20 in the eyes of my children as my mother looks in mine.

A daughter

1. A. mothers B. fathers C. sisters D. grandmas

2. A. too B. rather C. much D. very

3. A. happy B. blessed C. pleased D. content

4. A. yet B. even C. ever D. still

5. A. so B. or C. but D. as

6. A. weaker B. wiser C. healthier D. slower

7. A. lifetime B. face C. absence D. presence

8. A. fly B. come C. flow D. float

9. A. thank B. forgive C. love D. blame

10. A. rising B. arising C. raising D. feeding

11. A. pupil B. teenager C. youth D. child

12. A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything

13. A. realizes B. believes C. likes D. thinks

14. A. immature B. senior C. grown D. inexperienced

15. A. encouragement B. advice C. knowledge D. approval

16. A. ignored B. unnoticed C. hoped D. appreciated

17. A. dozens B. score C. couple D. number

18. A. pays B. matches C. deserves D. demands

19. A. level B. example C. figure D. ambition

20. A. tough B. considerate C. neat D. good

●參考答案●

【文章大意】我們是什麼時候開始感謝母親的呢？是在她陪著蹣跚學步的我們的時候，還是在她理解一個喜怒無常的青少年的時候？有時候感激的話很難從嘴裡說出來，那麼就像作者一樣寫一封信吧！

1.A 根據後文可知我很多朋友的已經去世了。mother母親。

2.A 他們從沒有向母親充分表達過他們的感激之情，而等到想要告訴母親時已太晚了。too太。

3.B 我的母親仍然健在，我很幸運。be blessed with幸運地享有。

4.D 我的母親仍然健在。still仍然。

5.C 根據句意可知我的母親沒有變，而我卻變了。but然而，但是。

6.B 隨著我漸漸長大，變得更聰明，我知道她是一個非常了不起的人。wiser更聰明。

7.D 我很難過我無法當著母親的面向她表達我的感激之情。presence出現，在場，in sb’s presence在某人面前，當著某人的面。故選D。

8.C fly飛；come來；flow流出；float浮動。但是卻很容易從筆下流露出來，故選C。

9.A 一個女兒是怎樣開始感謝母親給她生命的呢？thank感謝。

10.C 是感謝母親用愛、耐心、努力工作來撫養孩子？raise撫養，養育。

11.B 是感謝母親緊跟在蹣跚學步的孩子，要理解一個喜怒無常的青少年，還要容忍一個似乎什麼都知道得大學生？此處講的是人生階段，前面是兒童，後面是成年的大學生，中間自然是青少年，故選B。teenager青少年。

12.C 根據語境可知這裡是指一個什麼都知道的大學生。everything每件事。

13.A 還是等到女兒瞭解什麼是真正的母親是什麼樣子的。realize瞭解；believe認為，相信；like喜歡；think認為。故選A。

14.C 一個成年女子該怎樣感謝母親依然是母親？grown長大的。

15.B 感謝在被問到時她會準備好建議。advice建議。

16.D感謝在被問到時她會準備好建議，或當建議非常受欣賞的時候她選擇保持沉默？appreciate欣賞，讚賞，重視。

17.A 感謝她沒有說：＂我告訴過你這個了＂，而她本來可以說上許多次？dozens of許多，很多。

18.C 除了請求你好好地保佑她——那是她該得到的——並幫助我朝她做出的榜樣看齊。deserve值得，應得。

19.B 幫助我朝她做出的榜樣看齊。example例子，榜樣。

20.D 我祈禱在孩子們的眼裡我會如同母親在我的眼裡一樣美好。good美好的。故選D。