閱讀理解是英語能力培養的重點項目，是考試的一個重要題型，分值高、題量大。
閱讀理解考查的根本是檢驗學生對有關信息的 加工能力。閱讀理解能力的重要標誌是閱讀速度 和理解力的正確率。
因此，閱讀理解的功夫應下在平時。 多分析題型，多瞭解考點，真正做到有的 放矢，提高命中率。
高中閱讀理解題主要考察的內容有以下幾個方面：
1 ﹑理解主旨和要義
2 ﹑理解文中的具體位置
3 ﹑根據上下文推斷生詞的詞義
4 ﹑作出判斷和推理
5 ﹑理解文章的基本結構
6 ﹑理解作者的意圖﹑觀點和態度
有關閱讀理解的題型主要有以下幾種:
1、主旨大意型
2、事實細節型
3、詞義猜測型
4、推理判斷型
一、主旨大意題
解題思路：
1. 干擾項 可能屬文中某個具體事實或細節。
2. 干擾項 可能屬從文中某些 (不完全的) 事 實或細節片面推出的錯誤結論。
3. 干擾項 可能屬非文章事實的主觀臆斷。
(正確答案) 是根據文章意思全面 理解而歸納概括出來的；但不能太籠統、言過其實或以偏概全。
主旨大意題的常見的提問形式:
1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 作者主要告訴我們什麼？
2)Which of the following can summarize the main idea ofthis text?下列哪一項可以概括這篇文章的主要觀點？
3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?下列哪一項最能表達主要觀點？
4)Which is the subject discussed in the text?文中討論的主題是什麼？
6)What’s the best title for this passage?這篇文章的最佳標題是什麼？
閱讀理解是英語能力培養的重點項目，是考試的一個重要題型，分值高、題量大。
閱讀理解考查的根本是檢驗學生對有關信息的 加工能力。閱讀理解能力的重要標誌是閱讀速度 和理解力的正確率。
因此，閱讀理解的功夫應下在平時。 多分析題型，多瞭解考點，真正做到有的 放矢，提高命中率。
高中閱讀理解題主要考察的內容有以下幾個方面：
1 ﹑理解主旨和要義
2 ﹑理解文中的具體位置
3 ﹑根據上下文推斷生詞的詞義
4 ﹑作出判斷和推理
5 ﹑理解文章的基本結構
6 ﹑理解作者的意圖﹑觀點和態度
有關閱讀理解的題型主要有以下幾種:
1、主旨大意型
2、事實細節型
3、詞義猜測型
4、推理判斷型
一、主旨大意題
解題思路：
1. 干擾項 可能屬文中某個具體事實或細節。
2. 干擾項 可能屬從文中某些 (不完全的) 事 實或細節片面推出的錯誤結論。
3. 干擾項 可能屬非文章事實的主觀臆斷。
(正確答案) 是根據文章意思全面 理解而歸納概括出來的；但不能太籠統、言過其實或以偏概全。
主旨大意題的常見的提問形式:
1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 作者主要告訴我們什麼？
2)Which of the following can summarize the main idea ofthis text?下列哪一項可以概括這篇文章的主要觀點？
3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?下列哪一項最能表達主要觀點？
4)Which is the subject discussed in the text?文中討論的主題是什麼？
6)What’s the best title for this passage?這篇文章的最佳標題是什麼？
典型例題解析
In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper for- eign cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australian’s biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable(不能滿足的）society.
Question: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph？
A. GM is one of the largest car producers.
B. Ford operates not only in the U.S.A., but also in Asia.
C. The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American autoworkers.
D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American autoworkers.
【解析】
答案為C。take sth. away of sb.和 cast sb. sth. 的意思相似。
本段落以一、二句引出要表達的 主題，在主題句出現後，再舉例子陳 述細節或繼續論證。
尋找主題句往往是做好此類題的關鍵。每段的主題句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中)一般都用來表示一個段落的主旨大意。
二、事實細節型：
解題思路：
忠實於原文上下文及全篇的邏輯關係，決不能主觀臆斷。文章中心是論點，事實細節是論據或主要理由；有關細節的問題常對文中某個詞語、某句子、某段落等細節及事實進行提問，所提問題一般可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。
提問的特殊疑問詞常有：what,who, which, where, how, why 等。
在此類題型中，要求查找主要事實和特定細節問題常有以下幾種命題方式：
1）Which of the following statement is true?下列哪一項是正確的？
2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?下列哪項沒在文中提到？
3）The author ( or the passage) states that____.作者（或文章）指出____.
4）According to the passage, when ( where, why,how, who, what, which, etc.)____?根據這段話，當____？
典型例題解析
The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃.The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows……
閱讀理解是英語能力培養的重點項目，是考試的一個重要題型，分值高、題量大。
閱讀理解考查的根本是檢驗學生對有關信息的 加工能力。閱讀理解能力的重要標誌是閱讀速度 和理解力的正確率。
因此，閱讀理解的功夫應下在平時。 多分析題型，多瞭解考點，真正做到有的 放矢，提高命中率。
高中閱讀理解題主要考察的內容有以下幾個方面：
1 ﹑理解主旨和要義
2 ﹑理解文中的具體位置
3 ﹑根據上下文推斷生詞的詞義
4 ﹑作出判斷和推理
5 ﹑理解文章的基本結構
6 ﹑理解作者的意圖﹑觀點和態度
有關閱讀理解的題型主要有以下幾種:
1、主旨大意型
2、事實細節型
3、詞義猜測型
4、推理判斷型
一、主旨大意題
解題思路：
1. 干擾項 可能屬文中某個具體事實或細節。
2. 干擾項 可能屬從文中某些 (不完全的) 事 實或細節片面推出的錯誤結論。
3. 干擾項 可能屬非文章事實的主觀臆斷。
(正確答案) 是根據文章意思全面 理解而歸納概括出來的；但不能太籠統、言過其實或以偏概全。
主旨大意題的常見的提問形式:
1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 作者主要告訴我們什麼？
2)Which of the following can summarize the main idea ofthis text?下列哪一項可以概括這篇文章的主要觀點？
3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?下列哪一項最能表達主要觀點？
4)Which is the subject discussed in the text?文中討論的主題是什麼？
6)What’s the best title for this passage?這篇文章的最佳標題是什麼？
典型例題解析
In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper for- eign cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australian’s biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable(不能滿足的）society.
Question: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph？
A. GM is one of the largest car producers.
B. Ford operates not only in the U.S.A., but also in Asia.
C. The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American autoworkers.
D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American autoworkers.
【解析】
答案為C。take sth. away of sb.和 cast sb. sth. 的意思相似。
本段落以一、二句引出要表達的 主題，在主題句出現後，再舉例子陳 述細節或繼續論證。
尋找主題句往往是做好此類題的關鍵。每段的主題句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中)一般都用來表示一個段落的主旨大意。
二、事實細節型：
解題思路：
忠實於原文上下文及全篇的邏輯關係，決不能主觀臆斷。文章中心是論點，事實細節是論據或主要理由；有關細節的問題常對文中某個詞語、某句子、某段落等細節及事實進行提問，所提問題一般可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。
提問的特殊疑問詞常有：what,who, which, where, how, why 等。
在此類題型中，要求查找主要事實和特定細節問題常有以下幾種命題方式：
1）Which of the following statement is true?下列哪一項是正確的？
2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?下列哪項沒在文中提到？
3）The author ( or the passage) states that____.作者（或文章）指出____.
4）According to the passage, when ( where, why,how, who, what, which, etc.)____?根據這段話，當____？
典型例題解析
The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃.The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows……
Q1)_______calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.
A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D.275
Q2)Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?
A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does.
B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does.
C.An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.
D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.
【解析】
Q1:答案為 D 。
根據文章細節內容，計算公式為： (90-35)×5×1=275
Q2:答案為 C 。
根據文章圖表，依次驗證A、B C、D 四個答案的內容是否正確。 很易找出 C 符合圖表內容。
三、詞義猜測型
解題思路：
同義法：常在詞或短語之間有並列連詞and或or，它們連接的兩項內容在含義上是接近的或遞進的，由此可以推測。
反義法：如hot and cold, give and receive等，或前句為肯定，後句為否定。總之，詞與詞間都起著互為線索的作用。
釋義法 對文章中的生詞用定語（從句）、表語甚至於用逗號、破折號等標點符號引出並加以解釋說明。
情景推斷法、代詞替代法等
閱讀理解是英語能力培養的重點項目，是考試的一個重要題型，分值高、題量大。
閱讀理解考查的根本是檢驗學生對有關信息的 加工能力。閱讀理解能力的重要標誌是閱讀速度 和理解力的正確率。
因此，閱讀理解的功夫應下在平時。 多分析題型，多瞭解考點，真正做到有的 放矢，提高命中率。
高中閱讀理解題主要考察的內容有以下幾個方面：
1 ﹑理解主旨和要義
2 ﹑理解文中的具體位置
3 ﹑根據上下文推斷生詞的詞義
4 ﹑作出判斷和推理
5 ﹑理解文章的基本結構
6 ﹑理解作者的意圖﹑觀點和態度
有關閱讀理解的題型主要有以下幾種:
1、主旨大意型
2、事實細節型
3、詞義猜測型
4、推理判斷型
一、主旨大意題
解題思路：
1. 干擾項 可能屬文中某個具體事實或細節。
2. 干擾項 可能屬從文中某些 (不完全的) 事 實或細節片面推出的錯誤結論。
3. 干擾項 可能屬非文章事實的主觀臆斷。
(正確答案) 是根據文章意思全面 理解而歸納概括出來的；但不能太籠統、言過其實或以偏概全。
主旨大意題的常見的提問形式:
1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 作者主要告訴我們什麼？
2)Which of the following can summarize the main idea ofthis text?下列哪一項可以概括這篇文章的主要觀點？
3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?下列哪一項最能表達主要觀點？
4)Which is the subject discussed in the text?文中討論的主題是什麼？
6)What’s the best title for this passage?這篇文章的最佳標題是什麼？
典型例題解析
In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper for- eign cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australian’s biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable(不能滿足的）society.
Question: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph？
A. GM is one of the largest car producers.
B. Ford operates not only in the U.S.A., but also in Asia.
C. The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American autoworkers.
D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American autoworkers.
【解析】
答案為C。take sth. away of sb.和 cast sb. sth. 的意思相似。
本段落以一、二句引出要表達的 主題，在主題句出現後，再舉例子陳 述細節或繼續論證。
尋找主題句往往是做好此類題的關鍵。每段的主題句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中)一般都用來表示一個段落的主旨大意。
二、事實細節型：
解題思路：
忠實於原文上下文及全篇的邏輯關係，決不能主觀臆斷。文章中心是論點，事實細節是論據或主要理由；有關細節的問題常對文中某個詞語、某句子、某段落等細節及事實進行提問，所提問題一般可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。
提問的特殊疑問詞常有：what,who, which, where, how, why 等。
在此類題型中，要求查找主要事實和特定細節問題常有以下幾種命題方式：
1）Which of the following statement is true?下列哪一項是正確的？
2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?下列哪項沒在文中提到？
3）The author ( or the passage) states that____.作者（或文章）指出____.
4）According to the passage, when ( where, why,how, who, what, which, etc.)____?根據這段話，當____？
典型例題解析
The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃.The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows……
Q1)_______calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.
A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D.275
Q2)Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?
A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does.
B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does.
C.An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.
D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.
【解析】
Q1:答案為 D 。
根據文章細節內容，計算公式為： (90-35)×5×1=275
Q2:答案為 C 。
根據文章圖表，依次驗證A、B C、D 四個答案的內容是否正確。 很易找出 C 符合圖表內容。
三、詞義猜測型
解題思路：
同義法：常在詞或短語之間有並列連詞and或or，它們連接的兩項內容在含義上是接近的或遞進的，由此可以推測。
反義法：如hot and cold, give and receive等，或前句為肯定，後句為否定。總之，詞與詞間都起著互為線索的作用。
釋義法 對文章中的生詞用定語（從句）、表語甚至於用逗號、破折號等標點符號引出並加以解釋說明。
情景推斷法、代詞替代法等
做題要領
1）在文中找線索或信息詞;
2) 根據熟悉的詞及詞義判斷新單詞之意；
3）根據上下文判斷新詞彙在特定句中確切意思。
典型例題解析
Most women in Ghana the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old)work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewi- ves and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence,self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved(應得的，值得的).
Question: : Which of the following (is closest in meaning) to the underlined word “illiterate”
A. repeat B. reiterated C.uneducated D. sick
【解析】
本題答案選C
這段文字中講到加納這個國家中的大多數婦女，受過教育的（educated）和沒有受過教育的（illiterate）；住在城市的（urban）和住在農村的（rural），年輕的（young）和年長的（old）正好是一對對反義詞。因此選 C 項。
四、推理判斷型
解題思路：
高考重頭戲，20個題中常有6-8個，著重考查學生歸納概括、邏輯推理等綜合能力。
透過現象看本質，領悟作者思想傾向、觀點、立場、語氣及態度等。
以原文內容為前提，據作者的觀點理論（非考生觀點），客觀地對文中未明顯說明的現象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。
既要求學生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思，又要求學生對作者的態度、意圖及文章細節的發展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點。
推理判斷型常見的提問方式有：
1. The passage implies that_______.這段話暗示著_______。
2. We can conclude from the passage that ______.我們可以從這篇文章中得出結論______。
3. Which of the following can be inferred?下列哪一項可以推斷出？
4. What is the tone of the author ?作者的語氣是什麼？
5. What is the purpose of this passage?這篇文章的目的是什麼？
6. The passage is intended to _______ .這篇文章想要_______。
7. Where would this passage most probably appear?這篇文章最可能出現在哪裡？
典型例題解析
例一、
The concept (n. 觀念 ) of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. About 90 percent of all illnesses might be preventable if individual (n. 個人 ) made sound ( adj. 健康的 ) personal health choices based upon present (adj.現在的) medical knowledge.
We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it limited when it is within the legal (adj. 法律的 ) and moral boundaries ( n.界限 ) of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may affect our health. If we do desire, we can smoke , drink much, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever food we want, and live a completely sedentary (adj. 久坐的，勞心的 ) lifestyle without any exercise.
閱讀理解是英語能力培養的重點項目，是考試的一個重要題型，分值高、題量大。
閱讀理解考查的根本是檢驗學生對有關信息的 加工能力。閱讀理解能力的重要標誌是閱讀速度 和理解力的正確率。
因此，閱讀理解的功夫應下在平時。 多分析題型，多瞭解考點，真正做到有的 放矢，提高命中率。
高中閱讀理解題主要考察的內容有以下幾個方面：
1 ﹑理解主旨和要義
2 ﹑理解文中的具體位置
3 ﹑根據上下文推斷生詞的詞義
4 ﹑作出判斷和推理
5 ﹑理解文章的基本結構
6 ﹑理解作者的意圖﹑觀點和態度
有關閱讀理解的題型主要有以下幾種:
1、主旨大意型
2、事實細節型
3、詞義猜測型
4、推理判斷型
一、主旨大意題
解題思路：
1. 干擾項 可能屬文中某個具體事實或細節。
2. 干擾項 可能屬從文中某些 (不完全的) 事 實或細節片面推出的錯誤結論。
3. 干擾項 可能屬非文章事實的主觀臆斷。
(正確答案) 是根據文章意思全面 理解而歸納概括出來的；但不能太籠統、言過其實或以偏概全。
主旨大意題的常見的提問形式:
1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 作者主要告訴我們什麼？
2)Which of the following can summarize the main idea ofthis text?下列哪一項可以概括這篇文章的主要觀點？
3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?下列哪一項最能表達主要觀點？
4)Which is the subject discussed in the text?文中討論的主題是什麼？
6)What’s the best title for this passage?這篇文章的最佳標題是什麼？
典型例題解析
In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper for- eign cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australian’s biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable(不能滿足的）society.
Question: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph？
A. GM is one of the largest car producers.
B. Ford operates not only in the U.S.A., but also in Asia.
C. The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American autoworkers.
D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American autoworkers.
【解析】
答案為C。take sth. away of sb.和 cast sb. sth. 的意思相似。
本段落以一、二句引出要表達的 主題，在主題句出現後，再舉例子陳 述細節或繼續論證。
尋找主題句往往是做好此類題的關鍵。每段的主題句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中)一般都用來表示一個段落的主旨大意。
二、事實細節型：
解題思路：
忠實於原文上下文及全篇的邏輯關係，決不能主觀臆斷。文章中心是論點，事實細節是論據或主要理由；有關細節的問題常對文中某個詞語、某句子、某段落等細節及事實進行提問，所提問題一般可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。
提問的特殊疑問詞常有：what,who, which, where, how, why 等。
在此類題型中，要求查找主要事實和特定細節問題常有以下幾種命題方式：
1）Which of the following statement is true?下列哪一項是正確的？
2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?下列哪項沒在文中提到？
3）The author ( or the passage) states that____.作者（或文章）指出____.
4）According to the passage, when ( where, why,how, who, what, which, etc.)____?根據這段話，當____？
典型例題解析
The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃.The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows……
Q1)_______calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.
A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D.275
Q2)Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?
A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does.
B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does.
C.An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.
D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.
【解析】
Q1:答案為 D 。
根據文章細節內容，計算公式為： (90-35)×5×1=275
Q2:答案為 C 。
根據文章圖表，依次驗證A、B C、D 四個答案的內容是否正確。 很易找出 C 符合圖表內容。
三、詞義猜測型
解題思路：
同義法：常在詞或短語之間有並列連詞and或or，它們連接的兩項內容在含義上是接近的或遞進的，由此可以推測。
反義法：如hot and cold, give and receive等，或前句為肯定，後句為否定。總之，詞與詞間都起著互為線索的作用。
釋義法 對文章中的生詞用定語（從句）、表語甚至於用逗號、破折號等標點符號引出並加以解釋說明。
情景推斷法、代詞替代法等
做題要領
1）在文中找線索或信息詞;
2) 根據熟悉的詞及詞義判斷新單詞之意；
3）根據上下文判斷新詞彙在特定句中確切意思。
典型例題解析
Most women in Ghana the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old)work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewi- ves and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence,self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved(應得的，值得的).
Question: : Which of the following (is closest in meaning) to the underlined word “illiterate”
A. repeat B. reiterated C.uneducated D. sick
【解析】
本題答案選C
這段文字中講到加納這個國家中的大多數婦女，受過教育的（educated）和沒有受過教育的（illiterate）；住在城市的（urban）和住在農村的（rural），年輕的（young）和年長的（old）正好是一對對反義詞。因此選 C 項。
四、推理判斷型
解題思路：
高考重頭戲，20個題中常有6-8個，著重考查學生歸納概括、邏輯推理等綜合能力。
透過現象看本質，領悟作者思想傾向、觀點、立場、語氣及態度等。
以原文內容為前提，據作者的觀點理論（非考生觀點），客觀地對文中未明顯說明的現象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。
既要求學生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思，又要求學生對作者的態度、意圖及文章細節的發展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點。
推理判斷型常見的提問方式有：
1. The passage implies that_______.這段話暗示著_______。
2. We can conclude from the passage that ______.我們可以從這篇文章中得出結論______。
3. Which of the following can be inferred?下列哪一項可以推斷出？
4. What is the tone of the author ?作者的語氣是什麼？
5. What is the purpose of this passage?這篇文章的目的是什麼？
6. The passage is intended to _______ .這篇文章想要_______。
7. Where would this passage most probably appear?這篇文章最可能出現在哪裡？
典型例題解析
例一、
The concept (n. 觀念 ) of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. About 90 percent of all illnesses might be preventable if individual (n. 個人 ) made sound ( adj. 健康的 ) personal health choices based upon present (adj.現在的) medical knowledge.
We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it limited when it is within the legal (adj. 法律的 ) and moral boundaries ( n.界限 ) of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may affect our health. If we do desire, we can smoke , drink much, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever food we want, and live a completely sedentary (adj. 久坐的，勞心的 ) lifestyle without any exercise.
Question: The concept of personal choice about health is important because_______.
A. personal health choices help cure most illnesses.
B. it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge.
C. it is basic to personal freedom in American society.
D.wrong decisions could lead to poor health.
【解析】
據前兩句可以得知不良的選擇會導致健康狀況變壞，因此答案選 D 。
選出的答案一定要在原文中找到依據或理由，不能只憑常識或自己主觀胡亂推測。
例二、
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement (n.成績 ) ends up with uninspired students.
Eisenberger holds (vi.認為). As an exa- mple of the latter (adj. 近來的 ) point ( n.觀點 ), he notes ( vi.特別指出 ) growing efforts at major universities to tighten ( v.使變得更緊 ) grading standards (及格標準 ) and restore ( vt.恢復使用 ) failing grades (不及格分數或標準 ).
Question: It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe______.
A.rewarding poor performance ( n.成績 ) may kill he creativity of students .
B. punishment is more effective than rewarding.
C. failing (v. 給…不及格 ) uninspired students helps improve their overall (adj.全面的 ) academic (adj.學 校的 ) standards.
D. Discouraging ( vt.使…失去信心 ) the students’ anticipation ( n.預期之事物 ) for easy rewards is a matter of urgency ( n.緊急 ).
【解析】
問題是文中Eisenberger 舉的一個例子,通過例證題目的考點分析, 我們知道一般例子前後總結性的話(論點)是解決問題的關鍵,這樣我們就可以判斷出該例要說明的問題……(答案:A)
The topic sentence: A teacher ends up with uninspired (without creativity) students.
譯: 假設老師總讓學生關注獎勵,或對錶現一般的學生也給高分,那麼學生們最終都會不求進取,沒有靈感及想象力。
從近幾年高考閱讀理解試題的出題趨勢上看，命題者越來越注重考查學生把握全文及中心思想的能力及推理判斷能力，因此有關閱 讀理解題目更為重要的是:主旨大意型和推理判斷型。
閱讀理解是英語能力培養的重點項目，是考試的一個重要題型，分值高、題量大。
閱讀理解考查的根本是檢驗學生對有關信息的 加工能力。閱讀理解能力的重要標誌是閱讀速度 和理解力的正確率。
因此，閱讀理解的功夫應下在平時。 多分析題型，多瞭解考點，真正做到有的 放矢，提高命中率。
高中閱讀理解題主要考察的內容有以下幾個方面：
1 ﹑理解主旨和要義
2 ﹑理解文中的具體位置
3 ﹑根據上下文推斷生詞的詞義
4 ﹑作出判斷和推理
5 ﹑理解文章的基本結構
6 ﹑理解作者的意圖﹑觀點和態度
有關閱讀理解的題型主要有以下幾種:
1、主旨大意型
2、事實細節型
3、詞義猜測型
4、推理判斷型
一、主旨大意題
解題思路：
1. 干擾項 可能屬文中某個具體事實或細節。
2. 干擾項 可能屬從文中某些 (不完全的) 事 實或細節片面推出的錯誤結論。
3. 干擾項 可能屬非文章事實的主觀臆斷。
(正確答案) 是根據文章意思全面 理解而歸納概括出來的；但不能太籠統、言過其實或以偏概全。
主旨大意題的常見的提問形式:
1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 作者主要告訴我們什麼？
2)Which of the following can summarize the main idea ofthis text?下列哪一項可以概括這篇文章的主要觀點？
3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea?下列哪一項最能表達主要觀點？
4)Which is the subject discussed in the text?文中討論的主題是什麼？
6)What’s the best title for this passage?這篇文章的最佳標題是什麼？
典型例題解析
In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper for- eign cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australian’s biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and employs hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable(不能滿足的）society.
Question: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph？
A. GM is one of the largest car producers.
B. Ford operates not only in the U.S.A., but also in Asia.
C. The foreign cars have not taken away the jobs of American autoworkers.
D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American autoworkers.
【解析】
答案為C。take sth. away of sb.和 cast sb. sth. 的意思相似。
本段落以一、二句引出要表達的 主題，在主題句出現後，再舉例子陳 述細節或繼續論證。
尋找主題句往往是做好此類題的關鍵。每段的主題句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中)一般都用來表示一個段落的主旨大意。
二、事實細節型：
解題思路：
忠實於原文上下文及全篇的邏輯關係，決不能主觀臆斷。文章中心是論點，事實細節是論據或主要理由；有關細節的問題常對文中某個詞語、某句子、某段落等細節及事實進行提問，所提問題一般可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。
提問的特殊疑問詞常有：what,who, which, where, how, why 等。
在此類題型中，要求查找主要事實和特定細節問題常有以下幾種命題方式：
1）Which of the following statement is true?下列哪一項是正確的？
2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?下列哪項沒在文中提到？
3）The author ( or the passage) states that____.作者（或文章）指出____.
4）According to the passage, when ( where, why,how, who, what, which, etc.)____?根據這段話，當____？
典型例題解析
The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃.The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows……
Q1)_______calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.
A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D.275
Q2)Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?
A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does.
B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does.
C.An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.
D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.
【解析】
Q1:答案為 D 。
根據文章細節內容，計算公式為： (90-35)×5×1=275
Q2:答案為 C 。
根據文章圖表，依次驗證A、B C、D 四個答案的內容是否正確。 很易找出 C 符合圖表內容。
三、詞義猜測型
解題思路：
同義法：常在詞或短語之間有並列連詞and或or，它們連接的兩項內容在含義上是接近的或遞進的，由此可以推測。
反義法：如hot and cold, give and receive等，或前句為肯定，後句為否定。總之，詞與詞間都起著互為線索的作用。
釋義法 對文章中的生詞用定語（從句）、表語甚至於用逗號、破折號等標點符號引出並加以解釋說明。
情景推斷法、代詞替代法等
做題要領
1）在文中找線索或信息詞;
2) 根據熟悉的詞及詞義判斷新單詞之意；
3）根據上下文判斷新詞彙在特定句中確切意思。
典型例題解析
Most women in Ghana the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old)work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewi- ves and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence,self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved(應得的，值得的).
Question: : Which of the following (is closest in meaning) to the underlined word “illiterate”
A. repeat B. reiterated C.uneducated D. sick
【解析】
本題答案選C
這段文字中講到加納這個國家中的大多數婦女，受過教育的（educated）和沒有受過教育的（illiterate）；住在城市的（urban）和住在農村的（rural），年輕的（young）和年長的（old）正好是一對對反義詞。因此選 C 項。
四、推理判斷型
解題思路：
高考重頭戲，20個題中常有6-8個，著重考查學生歸納概括、邏輯推理等綜合能力。
透過現象看本質，領悟作者思想傾向、觀點、立場、語氣及態度等。
以原文內容為前提，據作者的觀點理論（非考生觀點），客觀地對文中未明顯說明的現象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。
既要求學生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思，又要求學生對作者的態度、意圖及文章細節的發展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點。
推理判斷型常見的提問方式有：
1. The passage implies that_______.這段話暗示著_______。
2. We can conclude from the passage that ______.我們可以從這篇文章中得出結論______。
3. Which of the following can be inferred?下列哪一項可以推斷出？
4. What is the tone of the author ?作者的語氣是什麼？
5. What is the purpose of this passage?這篇文章的目的是什麼？
6. The passage is intended to _______ .這篇文章想要_______。
7. Where would this passage most probably appear?這篇文章最可能出現在哪裡？
典型例題解析
例一、
The concept (n. 觀念 ) of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. About 90 percent of all illnesses might be preventable if individual (n. 個人 ) made sound ( adj. 健康的 ) personal health choices based upon present (adj.現在的) medical knowledge.
We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it limited when it is within the legal (adj. 法律的 ) and moral boundaries ( n.界限 ) of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may affect our health. If we do desire, we can smoke , drink much, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever food we want, and live a completely sedentary (adj. 久坐的，勞心的 ) lifestyle without any exercise.
Question: The concept of personal choice about health is important because_______.
A. personal health choices help cure most illnesses.
B. it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge.
C. it is basic to personal freedom in American society.
D.wrong decisions could lead to poor health.
【解析】
據前兩句可以得知不良的選擇會導致健康狀況變壞，因此答案選 D 。
選出的答案一定要在原文中找到依據或理由，不能只憑常識或自己主觀胡亂推測。
例二、
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement (n.成績 ) ends up with uninspired students.
Eisenberger holds (vi.認為). As an exa- mple of the latter (adj. 近來的 ) point ( n.觀點 ), he notes ( vi.特別指出 ) growing efforts at major universities to tighten ( v.使變得更緊 ) grading standards (及格標準 ) and restore ( vt.恢復使用 ) failing grades (不及格分數或標準 ).
Question: It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe______.
A.rewarding poor performance ( n.成績 ) may kill he creativity of students .
B. punishment is more effective than rewarding.
C. failing (v. 給…不及格 ) uninspired students helps improve their overall (adj.全面的 ) academic (adj.學 校的 ) standards.
D. Discouraging ( vt.使…失去信心 ) the students’ anticipation ( n.預期之事物 ) for easy rewards is a matter of urgency ( n.緊急 ).
【解析】
問題是文中Eisenberger 舉的一個例子,通過例證題目的考點分析, 我們知道一般例子前後總結性的話(論點)是解決問題的關鍵,這樣我們就可以判斷出該例要說明的問題……(答案:A)
The topic sentence: A teacher ends up with uninspired (without creativity) students.
譯: 假設老師總讓學生關注獎勵,或對錶現一般的學生也給高分,那麼學生們最終都會不求進取,沒有靈感及想象力。
從近幾年高考閱讀理解試題的出題趨勢上看，命題者越來越注重考查學生把握全文及中心思想的能力及推理判斷能力，因此有關閱 讀理解題目更為重要的是:主旨大意型和推理判斷型。
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