豬ok獨家編譯：美國將調查研究豬場的抗菌藥物使用情況

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) will conduct a national study focusing on how antimicrobials are being used on swine operations in the country.

美國農業部將進行一項全國性調查研究，重點關注抗菌藥物如何用於該國的生豬養殖。

The study will be carried out by the USDA’s National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS), in collaboration with the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). It will last from May through August 2017.

該研究將由美國農業部國家動物衛生監測系統(NAHMS)與國家農業統計局(NASS)合作進行。 它的持續時間是從2017年5月到8月。

As explained in a USDA information sheet, the study represents a new data collection and reporting effort for NAHMS, intended to be repeated biennially. In particular, the study will examine antimicrobial use and stewardship practices on swine nursery and grower-finisher facilities with a capacity of at least 1,000 head.

正如美國農業部的一份資料表所述，這項研究代表了NAHMS的最新數據收集和報告工作，每兩年更新一次。 特別是，這項研究將檢查容量至少為1000頭的育肥豬場在生長期的抗生素使用和管理做法。

Background of antimicrobial reduction plan

減少抗生素計劃的背景

The USDA Antimicrobial Resistance Action Plan, released in 2015, recommended that USDA agencies perform enhanced monitoring of antimicrobial use in food-producing animals.

2015年發佈的“美國農業部抗菌素耐藥行動計劃”建議美國農業部機構對食用動物的抗菌藥物使用情況加強監測。

In addition, beginning on 1 January 2017, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) initiated policy changes regarding the use of antimicrobials in food-producing animals. These changes included:

此外，從2017年1月1日起，食品和藥物管理局(FDA)改變了一些關於在食用動物中使用抗菌藥物的政策。 這些更改包括：

1. Eliminating the use of medically important antimicrobials for growth promotion purposes in food-producing animals, and

消除在生產食用動物時使用醫學上重要的抗微生物劑用於生長促進目的。

2. Requiring veterinary oversight for use of medically important antimicrobials in animal feed or water.

在動物飼料或水中使用醫學上重要的抗微生物劑需要獸醫監督。

13 US swine states involved

涉及13個美國養豬州

Swine nursery and grower-finisher operations with an inventory of at least 1,000 head in 13 major swine states, including of course Iowa, Nebraska, Illinois, Indiana and North Carolina to name a few. They will be contacted and asked to provide information on antimicrobial use and stewardship practices. No biologic testing will be performed.

在13個主要養豬州中，包括愛荷華州，內布拉斯加州，伊利諾斯州，印第安納州和北卡羅來納州等豬群的1000頭以上的豬場將被聯繫並要求提供有關抗菌使用和管理實踐的信息。 但不進行生物檢測。

The timeline for the study will be as follows:

研究展開的時間表如下：

• In May 2017, representatives from NASS will contact swine operations to inquire about their interest in participating in the study. NASS’ role will be to obtain producers’ consent for study participation.

2017年5月，NASS的代表將聯繫養豬場，詢問他們是否有興趣參加研究。NASS的作用將是獲得生產者同意學習參與。

• Beginning July 2017, swine producers who agreed to participate in the study will be contacted by APHIS personnel to schedule an in-person interview, which will be conducted by an APHIS veterinarian.

自2017年7月起，APHIS人員將聯繫同意參加研究的豬生產者安排由APHIS獸醫進行的面對面訪問。

• Data collection will end in August 2017.

數據收集將於2017年8月結束。

How the US pork industry will benefit

美國豬肉行業如何受益

The US swine industry will benefit from the study in various ways, the information sheet informed. Firstly, information on antimicrobial-use practices will provide transparency to consumers and others regarding why antimicrobials are used in swine feed and/or water.

美國豬業將以各種方式從研究中受益。 首先，關於抗菌藥物使用實踐的信息將為消費者和其他人提供關於為什麼在豬飼料和/或水中使用抗菌藥物的知情度。

Secondly, information will also be provided on the percentage of operations using specific antimicrobials in swine feed and/or water.

其次，這次研究還將提供有關在豬飼料和/或水中使用特定抗菌藥物的操作百分比的信息。

Lastly, information from this study will provide a national snapshot of antimicrobial stewardship practices, such as record-keeping related to antimicrobial use and whether a veterinarian was consulted when making the decision to use antimicrobials.

最後，本研究的信息將提供抗微生物管理實踐的全國快照，例如與抗微生物藥物使用相關的記錄保存，以及在作出決定使用抗菌藥物時是否諮詢了獸醫。責任編輯朱凌君。