Graphite簡介
Graphite是一個Python編寫的企業級開源監控工具，採用django框架，用來收集服務器所有的即時狀態，用戶請求信息，Memcached命中率,RabbitMQ消息服務器的狀態，操作系統的負載狀態。Graphite服務器大約每分鐘需要有4800次的跟新操作，它採用簡單的文本協議和繪圖功能，可以方便的使用在任何操作系統上。Graphite 自己本身並不收集具體的數據，這些數據收集的具體工作通常由第三方工具或插件完成（如 Ganglia, collectd, statsd, Collectl 等)。
簡單來說，Graphite主要做兩件事情：
- 實時監控第三方工具傳來的數據
- 根據數據繪製圖形
Graphite包含3個組件，carbon，whisper，graphite webapp其中：
- carbon - 用於監控數據的 Twisted 守護進程
- whisper - 用於存放和操作數據的庫
- graphite webapp - 用於繪製圖形的Django webapp
關於Graphite的詳細官方文檔可以參考Graphite Documentation。
Graphite安裝
我安裝的環境是CentOS 7、python 2.7.5
1、修改yum源配置：
yum install wget mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo yum makecache yum -y update
2、安裝pip、carbon 和whisper
yum -y install epel-release #安裝epel擴展源pip才能安裝 yum -y install python-pip yum -y install python-devel yum -y install gcc
yum -y install unzip pip install carbon pip install whisper
3、安裝graphite-web
yum -y install libffi-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel install uwsgi-plugin-python pip install graphite-web
pip uninstall django
pip install django==1.8
4、修改配置文件
cd /opt/graphite/conf/ ls #查看所有文件，拷貝去除example cp aggregation-rules.conf.example aggregation-rules.conf cp blacklist.conf.example blacklist.conf cp carbon.amqp.conf.example carbon.amqp.conf cp carbon.conf.example carbon.conf cp dashboard.conf.example dashboard.conf cp graphite.wsgi.example graphite.wsgi cp graphTemplates.conf.example graphTemplates.conf cp relay-rules.conf.example relay-rules.conf cp rewrite-rules.conf.example rewrite-rules.conf cp storage-aggregation.conf.example storage-aggregation.conf cp storage-schemas.conf.example storage-schemas.conf cp whitelist.conf.example whitelist.conf cd /opt/graphite/webapp/graphite cp local_settings.py.example local_settings.py cd ../
mv content static vi uwsgi.ini
拷貝如下代碼進去，保存退出
[uwsgi] # Django-related settings socket = :8000 buffer-size = 40000 plugins=python # the base directory (full path) chdir = /opt/graphite/webapp # Django s wsgi file module = graphite.wsgi # process-related settings # master master = true # maximum number of worker processes processes = 1 # ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed # chmod-socket = 664 # clear environment on exit vacuum = true
5、安裝uwsgi和nginx
yum -y install uwsgi cd /home/admin/ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz tar zxvf nginx-1.4.7.tar.gz cd nginx-1.4.7 ./configure --with-openssl=/usr/include/openssl vi objs/Makefile #把第3行的“ -Werror ” 刪除，保存，關閉 make make install vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
拷貝如下代碼進去，保存退出
user root;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 8001;
server_name localhost;
charset utf-8;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;
uwsgi_read_timeout 2;
}
location /static {
root /opt/graphite/webapp;
}
}
}6、在網站上找到項目，創建manage.py，好進行數據庫的操作，和測試顯示項目中的問題
cd /opt/graphite/webapp/ vi manage.py
拷貝如下代碼進去，保存退出
1 #!/usr/bin/env python
2 import os
3 import sys
4
5
6 if __name__ == "__main__":
7 os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "graphite.settings")
8
9 from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
10
11 execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)pip install scandir python manage.py migrate vi /opt/graphite/webapp/graphite/local_settings.py #取消SECRET_KEY、TIME_ZONE註釋，並且修改值： SECRET_KEY = '@2o8&38gcsb(p*o*dy(fmh!_3-30a1qwq$sadb+6vk243%wj0#' TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai' #保存退出
7、通過manage.py shell修改網站登錄的用戶名和密碼
python manage.py shell >>> from django.contrib.auth.models import User >>> user_list=[x for x in User.objects.all()] >>> print user_list #如果user_list不為空 >>>user=user_list[0] >>>user.username='admin' >>>user.set_password='123123' >>>user.save #如果user_list為空 >>>quit python manage.py createsuperuser #根據提示創建你的用戶 Username (leave blank to use 'root'): admin Email address: [email protected] Password: #輸入後不會顯示，我輸的123123 Password (again): #輸入後不會顯示
8、啟動carbon，carbon會在默認的2003端口接收數據。
python /opt/graphite/bin/carbon-cache.py start uwsgi --ini /opt/graphite/webapp/uwsgi.ini #再新建一個窗口，啟動nginx，或者讓uwsgi後臺運行，建議測試的時候新建窗口，錯誤好捕獲。啟動nginx之前，先關閉防火牆或者開啟8001端口。我做測試，就關閉防火牆了。 systemctl disable firewalld #停用防火牆 systemctl stop firewalld #禁止防火牆 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #啟動nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload #重啟nginx
9、瀏覽網址http://127.0.0.1:8001，出現如下畫面，安裝成功，如果失敗，注意查看nginx的錯誤日誌和uwsgi的提示
參考：http://tripleday.cn/2016/10/06/graphite/
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