十二個元輔音字母組合及其讀音

一. 5個R音節的讀音

R音節是由五個元音字母加上輔音字母R一起構成的音節，R音節是許多單詞的構成部分，掌握R音節的讀音一般規則對單詞的拼讀與記憶很有幫助。在單詞中如果出現元音字母后有兩個R連在一起，如 sorry, parrot,hurry，這裡的兩個R是為了區分開音節與閉音節，這樣的結構一般不是R音節。R音節在單詞中的讀音一般規則如下表：

R音節在重讀音節中的讀音

1).ar在重讀音節中讀[a:]

例如：sharpener ['ʃɑ:pənə] car [kɑ:] dark [dɑ:k] arm [ɑ:m] card [kɑ:d] park [pɑ:k] hard [hɑ:d] farmer ['fɑ:mə] party ['pɑ:ti] artist ['ɑ:tist] garden ['gɑ:dn] far [fɑ:]

2)．er在重讀音節中讀[ε:]

例如：term [tə:m] certainly ['sə:tənli] person ['pə:sn] university [,ju:ni'və:siti] Germany ['dʒə:məni] serve [sə:v] prefer [pri'fə:] deserve [di'zə:v] nervous ['nə:vəs] expert [ek'spə:t]

3.)ir在重讀音節中讀[ε:]

例如：skirt [skə:t] thirty ['θə:ti] thirsty ['θə:sti] first [fə:st] birthday ['bə:θdei] circle ['sə:kl] dirty ['də:ti]

4）．or在重讀音節中讀[ɔ:]

例如：for [fɔ:] short [ʃɔ:t] sport [spɔ:t] born [bɔ:n] report [ri'pɔ:t] north [nɔ:θ] fork [fɔ:k] nor [nɔ:] order ['ɔ:də] corner ['kɔ:nə] storm [stɔ:m] afford [ə'fɔ:d] performance [pə'fɔ:məns] pork [pɔ:k]

5）．ur在重讀音節中讀[ε:]

例如：purse [pə:s] purple ['pə:pl] Thursday ['θə:zdi] turkey ['tə:ki] turn [tə:n] church [tʃə:tʃ] disturb [dis'tə:b] hurt [hə:t] return [ri'tə:n] surfing ['sə:fiŋ] Turkey ['tə:ki]

R音節在非重讀音節中讀

R音節在非重讀音節中讀[ə]

例如：number ['nʌmbə] ruler ['ru:lə] father ['fɑ:ðə] after ['ɑ:ftə] doctor ['dɔktə] Saturday ['sætədi] dollar['dɔlə] popular ['pɔpjulə] sugar ['ʃugə] perhaps [pə'hæps] conductor [kən'dʌktə] scissors ['sizəz] comfortable ['kʌmfətəbl] inventor [in'ventə] shepherd ['ʃepəd] inspector [in'spektə]

R音節在W後的讀音

1）． ar在W後讀[ɔ:]

例如：wardrobe ['wɔ:drəub]warm[wɔ:m]war[wɔ:] towards [tə'wɔ:dz] rewarding [ri'wɔ:diŋ]

2）．or在W後讀[ε:]

例如：work [wə:k] word [wə:d] world [wə:ld] worse [wə:s] worth [wə:θ]

二.七個元輔音字母組合及其讀音：

R音節是英語中最常見的元輔音字母組合，R音節的讀音在前面已講到。除了R音節外，英語中常見的元輔音字母組合如下表：

1）．字母AW組合讀[ɔ:]，例如：draw [drɔ:] law[lɔ:] saw [s ɔ:] awful [ˈɔ:fl] flaw [flɔ:] lawn[lɔ:n] jaw[dʒɔ:] paw[pɔ:]

2）字母AY組合讀[ei]1）．字母AW組合讀[ɔ:]，例如：draw [drɔ:] law[lɔ:] saw [s ɔ:] awful [ˈɔ:fl] flaw [flɔ:] lawn[lɔ:n] jaw[dʒɔ:] paw[pɔ:]

例如：today [tə'dei] way [wei] play [plei] say [sei] day [dei] away [ə'wei] player ['pleiə] may [mei] stay [stei] maybe ['meibi] relay [ri'lei] lay [lei] pay[pei]

3）字母EW組合讀[ju:]

例如：news [nju:z] few [fju:] chew [tʃu:] crew [kru:]jewelry ['dʒu:əlrɪ] Jewish [ˈdʒu:ɪʃ]

4)字母EY組合讀在重讀音節中讀

例如：hey[hei] they [ðei] grey [grei] key [ki:]；

在非重讀音節中讀[i]

例如：money ['mʌni] Sydney ['sidni] turkey ['tə:ki] monkey ['mʌŋki]

5）字母EX組合讀[gz]

例如：exact[ɪgˈzækt] exam[ɪgˈzæm] example[ɪgˈa:mpl] exist[ɪgˈzɪst] exhaust[ɪgˈzɔ:st] executive[ɪgˈzekjətɪv]；

字母EX組合讀[ks]

例如：excuse[ɪkˈskju:s] expect[ˈekspɜ:t] exchange[ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] except[ɪkˈsept] experience [ɪkˈspɪəriəns] experiment [ɪkˈsperɪmənt] explain [ɪkˈspleɪn] expose [ɪk'spəʊz] express[ɪkˈspres] expensive[ɪkˈspensɪv] extraordinary [ɪkˈstrɔ:dnri]

6）字母OY組合讀[ɔi]

例如：boy [bɔi] toy [tɔi] employ [imˈplɔi] enjoy [inˈdʒɔi]

7）字母OW組合讀[əu]

例如：row [rəu] know [nəu] window ['windəu] yellow ['jeləu] throw [θrəu] borrow ['bɔrəu] tomorrow [tə'mɔ:rəu] follow ['fɔləu] grow [grəu] slow [sləu] show [ʃəu] snow [snəu] below [bi'ləu] Moscow ['mɔskəu] own [əun] bowl [bəul];

字母OW組合讀[au]

例如：how [hau] down [daun] now [nau] flower ['flauə] brown [braun] cow [kau] town [taun] shower ['ʃauə] crow [krəu] allow [ə'lau]