本篇文章《外國公司在美國“美夢破滅”》選自考研英語真題同源外刊《經濟學人》，今天文都教育考研英語老師繼續帶領大家學習這篇文章，這篇文章雖然長難句不多，但是文章中許多詞彙是考研中的高頻詞彙，有助於大家在輕鬆氛圍中記憶考研英語詞彙。
Foreign companies feel they are at a competitive disadvantage.
外國公司感覺自己處於競爭劣勢。
句子分析：主幹是Foreign companies feel +賓語從句。賓語從句的引導詞that被省略了，本句原句可以還原為Foreign companies feel that they are at a competitive disadvantage.
In the most regulated sector of all—banks—their market share has fallen to 14% from 18% in the past 24 months, partly, they argue, owing to onerous new rules.
在銀行業這一監管最嚴的領域，它們所佔的市場份額在過去24個月裡已從18%下降至14%。它們認為繁重的新規定是導致這一結果的部分原因。
生詞和詞組：onerous 繁重的a
句子分析：主幹是their market share has fallen. In the most regulated sector of all是介詞短語做狀語，破折號之間的bank是前面名詞短語the most regulated sector of all的同位語，對其進行解釋，to 14%， from 18%， in the past 24 months這三個介詞短語都做狀語，partly owing to onerous new rules 是原因狀語，they argue是插入語。另外也可以把they argue看做是整個句子的主語和謂語，放到最前面，剩下的部分是argue的賓語從句，這樣句子可以還原為They argue, in the most regulated sector of all—banks—their market share has fallen to 14% from 18% in the past 24 months, partly, owing to onerous new rules.
Most fines involve lots of official discretion.
大多數罰款都涉及很多的行政裁量。
In carmaking and energy, Volkswagen and BP have admitted their respective responsibilities for fake emissions tests and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.
在汽車製造業和能源產業，大眾和BP已分別對排放測試造假及“深海地平線”（Deepwater Horizon）鑽井平臺石油洩漏事故承認負有責任。
生詞和詞組：discretion 酌情處理權n
句子分析：主幹是Volkswagen and BP have admitted their respective responsibilities。In carmaking and energy, 是介詞短語做狀語，for fake emissions tests and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill是介詞短語做responsibilities的後置定語。
But many European bosses believe that the cumulative $70bn of legal costs and penalties they have paid or currently face far exceed those that General Motors and ExxonMobil paid for similarly grave mistakes.
但許多歐洲公司老闆相信，兩家公司已支付或目前面臨的累計700億美元的訴訟費用及罰款遠超過通用汽車和埃克森美孚為類似的嚴重錯誤所付出的代價。
生詞和詞組：grave 墳墓ｎ，嚴重的ａ
句子分析：主幹是many European bosses believe +that 引導的賓語從句。賓語從句當中有兩個定語從句，第一個是they have paid or currently face，這是個省略了that的定語從句修飾 legal costs and penalties。第二個定語從句是that General Motors and ExxonMobil paid for similarly grave mistakes修飾those。
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