1. cause使發生；造成；引起；導致
The bad weather is causing problems for many farmers.惡劣的天氣給許多農民造成了困難。
2. give rise to 引起， 導致；造成
He had messed up enough of these occasions to give rise to some anxieties. 他把這些場合搞得一團糟，引起了一些憂慮。
3. bring about導致；引起
What brought about the change in his attitude? 是什麼使他改變了態度？
4. lead to 導致；引起
Lack of exercise can lead to feelings of depression and exhaustion. 缺乏鍛鍊會導致抑鬱和疲勞。
5. set off 引發；觸發；激起
If he attended a party without his wife, it set off a storm of speculation. 如果他沒和妻子一塊兒出席宴會，便會招致各種猜測滿天飛。
6. touch off 引起，觸發某事
Some slight incident may touch off a major war. 一件小事可以觸發一場大戰。
7. arouse 激起，引起（感情、態度）
Her strange behavior aroused our suspicions.她的古怪行為引起了我們的懷疑。
8. trigger引發，觸發
The current recession was triggered by a slump in consumer spending. 目前的經濟衰退是由消費支出驟跌引起的。(引起；發動；促使)
9. evoke產生，引起; 喚起
His case is unlikely to evoke public sympathy. 他的情況不大可能引起公眾的同情。
10. prompt促使，導致
The discovery of the bomb prompted an increase in security. 此次發現炸彈促使當局加強了安全工作。
11. provoke激起；招致
The article was intended to provoke discussion. 這篇文章旨在引發討論。
12. stimulate促進；激發；激勵
The article can be used to stimulate discussion among students. 這篇文章可用來活躍學生的討論。
13. induce 引起；導致
Doctors said surgery could induce a heart attack. 醫生們說手術有可能引起心臟病發作。