走近莎士比亞的感情世界·莎士比亞妻子的一生

莎士比亞 婚禮 安妮·海瑟薇 不完美媽媽 胖噠英語聽力 2019-07-05
走近莎士比亞的感情世界·莎士比亞妻子的一生

William Shakespeare is arguably the most famous writer of all time, but his private life and marriage to Anne Hathaway isn't necessarily well known to the public. Gain more insight into the circumstances that shaped the bard's life and possibly his writing with this biography of Hathaway.

威廉·莎士比亞可以說是有史以來最著名的作家,但他的私生活以及與安妮·海瑟薇的婚姻並不一定為公眾所熟知。透過海瑟薇的一生,我們可以更深入地瞭解塑造這位詩人的客觀環境以及他的寫作風格。

Birth and Early Life

出生及早年生活

Hathaway was born circa 1555. She grew up in a farmhouse in Shottery, a small village on the outskirts of Stratford-upon-Avon in Warwickshire, England. Her cottage remains on the site and has since become a major tourist attraction. Little is known about Hathaway. Her name crops up a few times in historical records, but historians don’t have any real sense of what type of woman she was.

海瑟薇約於1555年出生。她在英國沃裡克郡埃文河畔斯特拉特福郊區休特里村的一戶農家長大。她曾經居住的小屋至今仍保留在原址上,並已成為一個主要的旅遊景點。人們對海瑟薇知之甚少。她的名字在歷史記錄中出現過幾次,但歷史學家對她是哪種類型的女性沒有任何真正的瞭解。

走近莎士比亞的感情世界·莎士比亞妻子的一生

Shotgun Marriage

奉子成婚

Anne Hathaway married William Shakespeare in November 1582. She was 26, and he was 18. The couple lived in Stratford-upon-Avon, which is roughly 100 miles northwest of London. It appears the two had a shotgun wedding. Evidently, they conceived a child out of wedlock and a wedding was arranged despite the fact that marriages were not traditionally performed at that time of year. The couple would go on to have a total of three children (two daughters, one son).

安妮·海瑟薇於1582年11月嫁給了威廉·莎士比亞。那時她26歲,莎士比亞18歲。他們住在埃文河畔的斯特拉特福,距離倫敦西北約100英里。也許因為海瑟薇懷孕,他們便舉行了婚禮,而就傳統而言,他們舉行婚禮的那個時間段並不會舉行婚禮。所以,他們似乎是奉子成婚。莎士比亞和海瑟薇一共有三個孩子,兩個女兒和一個兒子。

Special permission had to be asked from the Church, and friends and family had to financially guarantee the wedding and sign a surety for £40—a huge sum in those days.

婚禮必須得在教堂舉行,並獲得特別認可,親朋好友必須在經濟上為婚禮提供擔保,並簽署一份40英鎊的擔保書。

Some historians believe that the marriage was an unhappy one and the couple was forced together by the pregnancy. Although there is no evidence to support this, some historians go as far as to suggest that Shakespeare left for London to escape the day-to-day pressures of his unhappy marriage. This is, of course, wild speculation.

一些歷史學家認為,這段婚姻並不幸福,這對夫婦是因懷孕而被迫結合在一起的。儘管沒有證據支持這一觀點,但一些歷史學家仍堅持認為,莎士比亞離開倫敦是為了逃避他不幸婚姻日復一日的壓力。當然,這是一種大膽的猜測。

走近莎士比亞的感情世界·莎士比亞妻子的一生

Did Shakespeare Run Away to London?

莎士比亞是逃往倫敦的嗎?

We know that William Shakespeare lived and worked in London for most of his adult life. This has led to speculation about the state of his marriage to Hathaway.

我們都知道威廉·莎士比亞成年後的大部分時間都在倫敦生活和工作。這引發了人們對他與海瑟薇婚姻狀況的猜測。

Broadly, there are two camps of thought:

廣泛地來說,有兩種說法:

·The Failed Marriage: Some speculate that a difficult marriage in Stratford-upon-Avon compelled the young William to seek his fortune away from home. London would have been many days ride and was perhaps welcome escape for William who was trapped by a shotgun wedding and children. Indeed, there is evidence (although scant) that William was unfaithful while in London, and would compete with his business partner for the attention of London’s women.

失敗的婚姻:有人猜測,在埃文河畔斯特拉特福的一段艱難的婚姻迫使年輕的威廉離家去尋找財富。對於莎士比亞來說,倫敦可能要坐很多天的車才能到達,那也許是恰當的逃離之地,因為他被一場奉子成婚所困。事實上,有證據表明(儘管證據不足)威廉在倫敦期間對婚姻不忠,他會與他的商業夥伴競爭博得倫敦女性的關注。

· The Loving Marriage: If the above is true, it does not explain why William kept such close ties with the town. It seems he regularly returned to share his new-found wealth with Anne and his children. Land investments in the Stratford-upon-Avon area also prove that he planned to retire to the town once his working life in London finished.

幸福的婚姻:如果上述說法屬實,那就無法解釋威廉為何與他們居住的小鎮保持如此密切的聯繫。他似乎經常回來與安妮以及孩子們分享他新發現的財富。埃文河畔斯特拉特福地區的土地投資也證明,他計劃在倫敦的工作生涯結束後退休回到小鎮。

走近莎士比亞的感情世界·莎士比亞妻子的一生

Children

後代

Six months after the marriage, their first daughter Susanna was born. Twins, Hamnet and Judith soon followed in 1585. Hamnet died at age 11, and four years later Shakespeare wrote Hamlet, a play that may have been inspired by the grief of losing his son.

結婚六個月以後,他們的第一個女兒蘇珊娜出生了。1585年,雙胞胎哈姆奈特和朱蒂絲也隨即出生。哈姆奈特11歲去世,四年後莎士比亞創作了《哈姆雷特》,這部戲劇的靈感可能來自於失去兒子的悲痛。

Death

去世

Anne Hathaway outlived her husband. She died Aug. 6, 1623. She is buried next to Shakespeare’s grave inside Holy Trinity Church, Stratford-upon-Avon. Like her husband, she has an inscription upon her tomb, some of which is written in Latin:

安妮·海瑟薇比她的丈夫壽命更長。她於1623年8月6日去世。她被葬在埃文河畔斯特拉特福的聖三一教堂內莎士比亞的墓旁。和她的丈夫一樣,她的墓碑上也有銘文,有些是用拉丁文寫的:

Here lyeth the body of Anne wife of William Shakespeare who departed this life the 6th day of August 1623 being of the age of 67 years.

這裡是威廉·莎士比亞妻子安妮的遺體,她於1623年8月6日去世,享年67歲。

Breasts, O mother, milk and life thou didst give. Woe is me -- for how great a boon shall I give stones? How much rather would I pray that the good angel should move the stone so that, like Christ's body, thine image might come forth! But my prayers are unavailing. Come quickly, Christ, that my mother, though shut within this tomb may rise again and reach the stars.

偉大的母親,您所賜給我的是奶,是生命。我有禍了,因為我給您的卻是這堅硬的石頭。但願那好天使把石頭挪開,使你的形像,像基督的身體一樣,顯現出來。但我的祈禱是徒勞的。基督啊,求你快快來,使我的母親,雖然關在這墳墓裡,也能復活,且夠得著天上的星辰。

英文原文源自www.thoughtco.com, 中文譯文系【胖噠】原創,未經允許,禁止轉載

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