'python爬蟲模擬微博登錄'

微博模擬登錄

這是本次爬取的網址：https://weibo.com/

一、請求分析

找到登錄的位置，填寫用戶名密碼進行登錄操作

看看這次請求響應的數據是什麼

這是響應得到的數據，保存下來

exectime: 8
nonce: "HW9VSX"
pcid: "gz-4ede4c6269a09f5b7a6490f790b4aa944eec"
pubkey: "EB2A38568661887FA180BDDB5CABD5F21C7BFD59C090CB2D245A87AC253062882729293E5506350508E7F9AA3BB77F4333231490F915F6D63C55FE2F08A49B353F444AD3993CACC02DB784ABBB8E42A9B1BBFFFB38BE18D78E87A0E41B9B8F73A928EE0CCEE1F6739884B9777E4FE9E88A1BBE495927AC4A799B3181D6442443"
retcode: 0
rsakv: "1330428213"
servertime: 1568257059

繼續完善登錄操作，輸入密碼，點擊登錄按鈕

經過分析呢，發現變化的參數就是sp,nonce,servetime。servetime就是當前的時間戳，我們只需找到其他兩個參數的生成方法就好了。對了su這個參數是通過base64加密生成的

二、找到sp,nonce的加密方式

這次就不通過search關鍵字去找加密位置了

找到調用函數的位置，打上斷點，再進行登錄操作

經過js代碼流程調試分析，最終我們找到了加密的位置

簡單介紹下怎麼調試js代碼

找到sp,nonce的位置，通過python代碼去實現它的加密方式

sp它是通過rsa加密方式，加密生成的。rsa的具體用法可以通過百度找到。或者通過sha1加密生成。至於me.rsaPubkey他怎麼得到的，他就是我們還沒有點擊登錄前，就發了一個請求，那個請求的響應數據就有它。如果你測試的次數多了的話，會發現這個值它是固定下來的。所以我們也可以直接去用，不用請求獲取。

nonce：它呢也出現過在未點擊登錄前的那個請求響應的數據中，但是呢，我們點了幾次登錄，都未發現這個請求了。nonce的值每次還不一樣。所以它肯定是本地js文件的某個函數生成，不用請求服務器獲取。我們在這裡找到了nonce的生成函數

import random
import rsa
import hashlib
from binascii import b2a_hex
def get_nonce(n):
 result = ""
 random_str = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
 for i in range(n):
 index = random.randint(0, len(random_str) - 1)
 result += random_str[index]
 return result
def get_sp_rsa(password, servertime, nonce):
 key = "EB2A38568661887FA180BDDB5CABD5F21C7BFD59C090CB2D245A87AC253062882729293E5506350508E7F9AA3BB77F4333231490F915F6D63C55FE2F08A49B353F444AD3993CACC02DB784ABBB8E42A9B1BBFFFB38BE18D78E87A0E41B9B8F73A928EE0CCEE1F6739884B9777E4FE9E88A1BBE495927AC4A799B3181D6442443"
 pubkey = rsa.PublicKey(int(key, 16), int("10001", 16))
 res = rsa.encrypt(bytes("" + "\\t".join([servertime, nonce]) + "\\n" + password,encoding="utf-8"), pubkey)
 return b2a_hex(res)
def get_sp_sha1(password, servertime, nonce):
 res = hashlib.sha1(bytes("" + hashlib.sha1(bytes(hashlib.sha1(bytes(password, encoding="utf-8")).hexdigest(),encoding="utf-8")).hexdigest() + servertime + nonce,encoding="utf-8")).hexdigest()
 return res

三、響應數據

請求參數分析的差不多了，這次輸入正確的用戶名，密碼。查看響應的數據的是什麼。

打開fiddler，然後退出當前賬號，重新進行登錄操作。fiddler上面就會出現很多請求。找到需要的請求，看看響應內容

這樣做，每個響應都會set-cookie。所以照著上面的流程實現，標識登錄的cookie肯定能得到。之後的話，只要帶上這個cookie去做其他操作就行了。

最後附上代碼

import requests, random, time, rsa, hashlib, base64, re, json
from binascii import b2a_hex
class WeiBo:
 def __init__(self):
 self.session = requests.Session()
 self.headers = {
 "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36"
 }
 def login(self, account, password):
 api = "https://login.sina.com.cn/sso/login.php?client=ssologin.js(v1.4.19)"
 nonce = self._get_nonce()
 servertime = self._get_now_time()
 sp = self._get_sp_rsa(password, servertime, nonce)
 su = self._get_su(account)
 data = {
 "entry": "weibo",
 "gateway": "1",
 "from": "",
 "savestate": "7",
 "qrcode_flag": "false",
 "useticket": "1",
 "pagerefer": "https://login.sina.com.cn/crossdomain2.php?action=logout&r=https%3A%2F%2Fpassport.weibo.com%2Fwbsso%2Flogout%3Fr%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fweibo.com%26returntype%3D1",
 "vsnf": "1",
 "su": su,
 "service": "miniblog",
 "servertime": servertime,
 "nonce": nonce,
 "pwencode": "rsa2",
 "rsakv": "1330428213",
 "sp": sp,
 "sr": "1920*1080",
 "encoding": "UTF - 8",
 "prelt": "149",
 "url": "https://weibo.com/ajaxlogin.php?framelogin=1&callback=parent.sinaSSOController.feedBackUrlCallBack",
 "returntype": "META",
 }
 headers = self.headers.copy()
 headers.update({
 "Host": "login.sina.com.cn",
 "Origin": "https://weibo.com",
 "Referer": "https://weibo.com/"
 })
 response = self.session.post(api, headers=headers, data=data, allow_redirects=False)
 search_result = self._re_search("location.replace\\(\\"(.*?)\\"", response.text)
 redirct_url = search_result and search_result.group(1)
 if not redirct_url:
 raise Exception("重定向url獲取失敗")
 response = self.session.get(redirct_url, headers=headers.update({
 "Referer": "https://login.sina.com.cn/sso/login.php?client=ssologin.js(v1.4.19)"
 }), allow_redirects=False)
 search_result = self._re_search('"arrURL":(.*?)}', response.text)
 redirct_urls = search_result and search_result.group(1)
 if not redirct_urls:
 raise Exception("重定向url獲取失敗")
 redirct_url_list = json.loads(redirct_urls)
 userId = ""
 for url in redirct_url_list:
 response = self.session.get(url, headers=self.headers)
 if url.startswith("https://passport.weibo.com/wbsso/login"):
 userId = self._re_search('"uniqueid":"(.*?)"', response.text).group(1)
 if not userId:
 raise Exception("userId獲取失敗")
 user_details_url = "https://weibo.com/u/{}/home?wvr=5&lf=reg".format(userId)
 response = self.session.get(user_details_url, headers={
 "Referer": "https://weibo.com/",
 "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36"
 })
 if self._re_search(userId, response.text):
 print("登錄成功")
 print(self.session.cookies)
 else:
 print("登錄失敗")
 def _get_nonce(self):
 nonce = ""
 random_str = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
 for i in range(5):
 index = random.randint(0, len(random_str) - 1)
 nonce += random_str[index]
 return nonce
 def _get_now_time(self):
 return str(int(time.time()))
 def _get_sp_rsa(self, password, servertime, nonce):
 key = "EB2A38568661887FA180BDDB5CABD5F21C7BFD59C090CB2D245A87AC253062882729293E5506350508E7F9AA3BB77F4333231490F915F6D63C55FE2F08A49B353F444AD3993CACC02DB784ABBB8E42A9B1BBFFFB38BE18D78E87A0E41B9B8F73A928EE0CCEE1F6739884B9777E4FE9E88A1BBE495927AC4A799B3181D6442443"
 pubkey = rsa.PublicKey(int(key, 16), int("10001", 16))
 res = rsa.encrypt(bytes("" + "\\t".join([servertime, nonce]) + "\\n" + password, encoding="utf-8"), pubkey)
 return b2a_hex(res)
 def _get_sp_sha1(self, password, servertime, nonce):
 res = hashlib.sha1(bytes("" + hashlib.sha1(bytes(hashlib.sha1(bytes(password, encoding="utf-8")).hexdigest(),
 encoding="utf-8")).hexdigest() + servertime + nonce,
 encoding="utf-8")).hexdigest()
 return res
 def _get_su(self, account):
 return str(base64.b64encode(bytes(account, encoding="utf-8")), encoding="utf-8")
 def _re_search(self, pattern, html):
 return re.search(pattern, html, re.S)
 def test(self):
 self.login("18716758777", "123456")
if __name__ == '__main__':
 wb = WeiBo()
 wb.test()